NDLI: The limits of depth reduction for arithmetic formulas: it's all about the top fan-in

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The limits of depth reduction for arithmetic formulas: it's all about the top fan-in

Content Provider	ACM Digital Library
Author	Kumar, Mrinal Saraf, Shubhangi
Abstract	In recent years, a very exciting and promising method for proving lower bounds for arithmetic circuits has been proposed. This method combines the method of depth reduction developed in the works of Agrawal and Vinay[1], Koiran [11] and Tavenas [16], and the use of the shifted partial derivative complexity measure developed in the works of Kayal [9] and Gupta et al [5]. These results inspired a flurry of other beautiful results and strong lower bounds for various classes of arithmetic circuits, in particular a recent work of Kayal et al [10] showing superpolynomial lower bounds for regular arithmetic formulas via an improved depth reduction for these formulas. It was left as an intriguing question if these methods could prove superpolynomial lower bounds for general (homogeneous) arithmetic formulas, and if so this would indeed be a breakthrough in arithmetic circuit complexity. In this paper we study the power and limitations of depth reduction and shifted partial derivatives for arithmetic formulas. We do it via studying the class of depth 4 homogeneous arithmetic circuits. We show: (1) the first superpolynomial lower bounds for the class of homogeneous depth 4 circuits with top fan-in o(log n). The core of our result is to show improved depth reduction for these circuits. This class of circuits has received much attention for the problem of polynomial identity testing. We give the first nontrivial lower bounds for these circuits for any top fan-in ≥ 2. (2) We show that improved depth reduction is not possible when the top fan-in is Ω(log n). In particular this shows that the depth reduction procedure of Koiran and Tavenas [11, 16] cannot be improved even for homogeneous formulas, thus strengthening the results of Fournier et al [3] who showed that depth reduction is tight for circuits, and answering some of the main open questions of [10, 3]. Our results in particular suggest that the method of improved depth reduction and shifted partial derivatives may not be powerful enough to prove superpolynomial lower bounds for (even homogeneous) arithmetic formulas.
Starting Page	136
Ending Page	145
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF MP4
ISBN	9781450327107
DOI	10.1145/2591796.2591827
Language	English
Publisher	Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Publisher Date	2014-05-31
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Lower bounds Arithmetic formula Depth reduction Shifted partial derivatives
Content Type	Audio Text
Resource Type	Article

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