NDLI: The DC-SIGN of zebrafish: insights into the existence of a CD209 homologue in a lower vertebrate and its involvement in adaptive immunity.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Wang, Qu-Long Gong, Yong-Feng Shao, Jian-Zhong Dong, Wei-Ren Xiang, Li-Xin Lin, Ai-Fu
Description	Author Affiliation: Lin AF ( College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Peoples Republic of China.)
Abstract	Dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN/CD209) has become hot topic in recent studies because of its important roles in immune responses and immune escape. CD209 has been well characterized in humans and several other mammals, but little documentation exists about it in lower vertebrates. This is the first report on the identification and functional characterization of a fish DC-SIGN/CD209 molecule. The zebrafish DC-SIGN/CD209 cDNA translates into 343 aa organized into three domains structurally conserved among vertebrates. An EPN motif essential for interacting with Ca(2+) and for recognizing mannose-containing motifs has been identified. Several conserved motifs crucial for internalization and signal transduction are also present within the cytoplasmic tail. Phylogenetic analysis supports the hypothesis that CD209 family members diverged from a common ancestor. The expression of DC-SIGN/CD209 in immune-related tissues can be significantly up-regulated by exogenous Ags and IL-4. This molecule associates with various APCs, including macrophages, B lymphocytes, and a possible dendritic cell-like (CD83(+)/CD80(+)CD209(+)) population. Functionally, T cell activation, Ab (IgM) production, and bacterial vaccination-elicited immunoprotection can be dramatically inhibited by a CD209 blockade after stimulation with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) in vivo or challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila, suggesting that DC-SIGN/CD209 in zebrafish is crucial for the initiation and development of adaptive immunity. Phagocytosis analysis showed that DC-SIGN/CD209 does not participate in the uptake of KLH Ag, suggesting that other mechanisms might exist that underlie DC-SIGN/CD209 involvement. We hope that the present study will contribute to a better cross-species understanding of the evolutionary history of the DC-SIGN/CD209 family.
ISSN	00221767
e-ISSN	15506606
Journal	The Journal of Immunology
Issue Number	11
Volume Number	183
Language	English
Publisher	The American Association of Immunologists
Publisher Date	2009-12-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Adaptive Immunity Cell Adhesion Molecules Genetics Immunology Metabolism Lectins, C-type Receptors, Cell Surface Zebrafish Amino Acid Sequence Animals Cloning, Molecular Conserved Sequence Flow Cytometry Fluorescent Antibody Technique Gene Expression Gene Expression Profiling Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Discipline Immunology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Immunology and Allergy Immunology

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