NDLI: Human cytomegalovirus infection promotes rapid maturation of NK cells expressing activating killer Ig-like receptor in patients transplanted with NKG2C-/- umbilical cord blood.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Della Chiesa, Mariella Locatelli, Franco Bertaina, Alice Moretta, Lorenzo Falco, Michela Alicata, Claudia Frassoni, Francesco Moretta, Alessandro Muccio, Letizia
Description	Author Affiliation: Della Chiesa M ( Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova, 16132 Genoa, Italy)
Abstract	NK cells are the first lymphoid population recovering after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and play a crucial role in early immunity after the graft. Recently, it has been shown that human CMV (HCMV) infection/reactivation can deeply influence NK cell reconstitution after umbilical cord blood transplantation by accelerating the differentiation of mature NKG2A(-) killer Ig-like receptor (KIR)(+) NK cells characterized by the expression of the NKG2C-activating receptor. In view of the hypothesis that NKG2C could be directly involved in NK cell maturation driven by HCMV infection, we analyzed the maturation and function of NK cells developing in three patients with hematological malignancies given umbilical cord blood transplantation from donors carrying a homozygous deletion of the NKG2C gene. We show that HCMV infection can drive rapid NK maturation, characterized by the expansion of CD56(dim)NKG2A(-)KIR(+) cells, even in the absence of NKG2C expression. Interestingly, this expanded mature NK cell subset expressed surface-activating KIR that could trigger NK cell cytotoxicity, degranulation, and IFN-Î³ release. Given the absence of NKG2C, it is conceivable that activating KIRs may play a role in the HCMV-driven NK cell maturation and that NK cells expressing activating KIRs might contribute, at least in part, to the control of infections after transplantation.
ISSN	00221767
e-ISSN	15506606
Journal	The Journal of Immunology
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	192
Language	English
Publisher	The American Association of Immunologists
Publisher Date	2014-02-15
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Cytomegalovirus Immunology Fetal Blood Transplantation Killer Cells, Natural Nk Cell Lectin-like Receptor Subfamily C Metabolism Antigens, Cd56 Cell Differentiation Cytomegalovirus Infections Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Interferon-gamma Secretion Genetics Receptors, Kir Receptors, Kir2dl2 Receptors, Kir2dl3 Receptors, Kir3dl1 Receptors, Kir3ds1 Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Discipline Immunology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Immunology and Allergy Immunology

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