NDLI: 'Autoimmune rejection' of neonatal heart transplants in experimental Chagas disease is a parasite-specific response to infected host tissue.

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'Autoimmune rejection' of neonatal heart transplants in experimental Chagas disease is a parasite-specific response to infected host tissue.

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'Autoimmune rejection' of neonatal heart transplants in experimental Chagas disease is a parasite-specific response to infected host tissue.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Zhang, L. Tarleton, R. L. Downs, M. O.
Description	Author Affiliation: Tarleton RL ( Department of Cellular Biology, The University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA.);
Abstract	Infection with the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi often results in chronic heart- and gut-associated disease known as Chagas disease. In this study we show that contrary to previous reports, neonatal hearts transplanted into mice chronically infected with T. cruzi do not exhibit signs of autoimmune-type rejection or any significant inflammatory response. In addition to an absence of inflammation, these syngeneic heart transplants survive for more than 1 year and are absolutely free of parasites as determined by in situ PCR analysis. However, if well-established transplanted hearts in chronically infected mice are directly injected with live parasites, a rapid and dramatic inflammatory response ensues that results in cessation of heart function. Likewise, transplanted hearts established in mice prior to systemic infection with T. cruzi or hearts transplanted into mice during the acute stage of T. cruzi infection become parasitized and develop inflammatory foci. In these cases where the transplanted hearts become parasitized, the ensuing inflammatory response is nearly identical to that observed in the native hearts of T. cruzi-infected mice in terms of cell types present and adhesion molecules and cytokines expressed. Importantly, this response is strikingly different from that observed in the allogeneic heart rejection. These results clearly document that parasitization of heart tissue is both necessary and sufficient for the induction of tissue damage in Chagas disease and strongly argue against a principal autoimmune etiology for this disease.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	8
Volume Number	94
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	1997-05-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Chagas Disease Therapy Graft Rejection Immunology Heart Transplantation Trypanosoma Cruzi Animals Antibodies, Protozoan Antigens, Protozoan Autoimmunity Mice Mice, Inbred C3H Mice, Inbred C57BL Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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