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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Martuza, R. L. Rabkin, S. D. Johnson, P. A. Todo, T. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Todo T ( Molecular Neurosurgery Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. todo@helix.mgh.harvard.edu); |
| Abstract | Oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) vectors are promising therapeutic agents for cancer. Their efficacy depends on the extent of both intratumoral viral replication and induction of a host antitumor immune response. To enhance these properties while employing ample safeguards, two conditionally replicating HSV-1 vectors, termed G47Delta and R47Delta, have been constructed by deleting the alpha47 gene and the promoter region of US11 from gamma34.5-deficient HSV-1 vectors, G207 and R3616, respectively. Because the alpha47 gene product is responsible for inhibiting the transporter associated with antigen presentation (TAP), its absence led to increased MHC class I expression in infected human cells. Moreover, some G47Delta-infected human melanoma cells exhibited enhanced stimulation of matched antitumor T cell activity. The deletion also places the late US11 gene under control of the immediate-early alpha47 promoter, which suppresses the reduced growth properties of gamma34.5-deficient mutants. G47Delta and R47Delta showed enhanced viral growth in a variety of cell lines, leading to higher virus yields and enhanced cytopathic effect in tumor cells. G47Delta was significantly more efficacious in vivo than its parent G207 at inhibiting tumor growth in both immune-competent and immune-deficient animal models. Yet, when inoculated into the brains of HSV-1-sensitive A/J mice at 2 x 10(6) plaque forming units, G47Delta was as safe as G207. These results suggest that G47Delta may have enhanced antitumor activity in humans. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 11 |
| Volume Number | 98 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2001-05-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Antigen Presentation Immunology Genetic Vectors Glioma Prevention & Control Herpesvirus 1, Human Histocompatibility Antigens Class I Neuroblastoma Animals Cercopithecus Aethiops Consumer Product Safety Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral Genetics Physiology Biosynthesis Immediate-Early Proteins Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Mice, Nude Neoplasm Transplantation RNA-Binding Proteins T-Lymphocytes Tumor Cells, Cultured Vero Cells Viral Proteins Virus Replication Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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