NDLI: The evolution of coloration and toxicity in the poison frog family (Dendrobatidae).

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The evolution of coloration and toxicity in the poison frog family (Dendrobatidae).

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The evolution of coloration and toxicity in the poison frog family (Dendrobatidae).

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Clough, M. E. Summers, K.
Description	Author Affiliation: Summers K ( Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA. summersk@mail.ecu.edu);
Abstract	The poison frogs (family Dendrobatidae) are terrestrial anuran amphibians displaying a wide range of coloration and toxicity. These frogs generally have been considered to be aposematic, but relatively little research has been carried out to test the predictions of this hypothesis. Here we use a comparative approach to test one prediction of the hypothesis of aposematism: that coloration will evolve in tandem with toxicity. Recently, we developed a phylogenetic hypothesis of the evolutionary relationships among representative species of poison frogs, using sequences from three regions of mitochondrial DNA. In our analysis, we use that DNA-based phylogeny and comparative analysis of independent contrasts to investigate the correlation between coloration and toxicity in the poison frog family (Dendrobatidae). Information on the toxicity of different species was obtained from the literature. Two different measures of the brightness and extent of coloration were used. (i) Twenty-four human observers were asked to rank different photos of each different species in the analysis in terms of contrast to a leaf-littered background. (ii) Color photos of each species were scanned into a computer and a computer program was used to obtain a measure of the contrast of the colors of each species relative to a leaf-littered background. Comparative analyses of the results were carried out with two different models of character evolution: gradual change, with branch lengths proportional to the amount of genetic change, and punctuational change, with all change being associated with speciation events. Comparative analysis using either method or model indicated a significant correlation between the evolution of toxicity and coloration across this family. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that coloration in this group is aposematic.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	11
Volume Number	98
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2001-05-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Amphibian Venoms Classification Anura Biological Evolution Chemistry Animals Anatomy & Histology Genetics Batrachotoxins Molecular Structure Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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