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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Ballock, R. T. Economides, A. N. Sciortino, C. M. Romero, M. F. Harland, R. M. Warman, M. L. Eimon, P. M. Ulatowski, L. M. Marcelino, J. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Marcelino J ( Department of Genetics and Center for Human Genetics, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.); |
| Abstract | Secreted noggin protein regulates bone morphogenetic protein activity during development. In mice, a complete loss of noggin protein leads to multiple malformations including joint fusion, whereas mice heterozygous for Nog loss-of-function mutations are normal. In humans, heterozygous NOG missense mutations have been found in patients with two autosomal dominant disorders of joint development, multiple synostosis syndrome (SYNS1) and a milder disorder proximal symphalangism (SYM1). This study investigated the effect of one SYNS1 and two SYM1 disease-causing missense mutations on the structure and function of noggin. The SYNS1 mutation abolished, and the SYM1 mutations reduced, the secretion of functional noggin dimers in transiently transfected COS-7 cells. Coexpression of mutant noggin with wild-type noggin, to resemble the heterozygous state, did not interfere with wild-type noggin secretion. These data indicate that the human disease-causing mutations are hypomorphic alleles that reduce secretion of functional dimeric noggin. Therefore, we conclude that noggin has both species-specific and joint-specific dosage-dependent roles during joint formation. Surprisingly, in contrast to the COS-7 cell studies, the SYNS1 mutant was able to form dimers in Xenopus laevis oocytes. This finding indicates that there also exist species-specific differences in the ability to process mutant noggin polypeptides. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 20 |
| Volume Number | 98 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2001-09-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Bone Morphogenetic Proteins Metabolism Mutation, Missense Proteins Genetics Animals Antagonists & Inhibitors COS Cells Carrier Proteins Cercopithecus Aethiops Dimerization Disulfides Oocytes Physiology Protein Biosynthesis Recombinant Proteins Synostosis Transfection Xenopus Laevis Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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