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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Yeom, Mijung Kim, Jae-Hyun Min, Ju-Hee Hwang, Man Ki Jung, Hyuk-Sang Sohn, Youngjoo |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Yeom M ( Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.); Kim JH ( Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.); Min JH ( Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.); Hwang MK ( Inuri Medical Group, Seoul 137-877, Republic of Korea.); Jung HS ( Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.); Sohn Y ( Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: youngjoos@khu.ac.kr.) |
| Abstract | ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Xanthii fructus (XF) has long been used to treat a variety of inflammatory conditions in Korean traditional medicine, but the underlying mechanisms that could explain the anti-inflammatory actions of XF remain largely unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory effects of X. fructus (XF) and to examine its underlying molecular mechanisms in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The effect of XF on LPS-induced mRNA and protein expressions of inflammatory mediators and cytokines were determined. Moreover, the activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways and the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were explored to elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanisms. RESULTS: XF significantly inhibited LPS-induced production of inflammatory mediators, interleukin-6 (IL-6), nitric oxide (NO), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), without any cytotoxicity. However, it did not affect tissue necrosis factor (TNF)- or IL-1ß production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA and protein were inhibited dose-dependently by XF in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, but there were no changes in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA and protein. XF significantly attenuated LPS-induced phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitory kappa B (IκB ) and consequently reduced the nuclear translocation of p65 NF-κB. Pretreatment with XF also strongly inhibited the LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 kinase and JNK, whereas the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was not affected. In addition, XF led to an increase in HO-1 expression. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our findings support that XF inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses by blocking NF-κB activation, inhibiting JNK/p38 MAPK phosphorylation, and enhancing HO-1 expression in macrophages, suggesting that it could be an attractive therapeutic candidate for various inflammatory diseases. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 03788741 |
| Volume Number | 176 |
| e-ISSN | 18727573 |
| Journal | Journal of Ethnopharmacology |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2015-12-24 |
| Publisher Place | Ireland |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Ethnopharmacology Anti-inflammatory Agents Pharmacology Jnk Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases Antagonists & Inhibitors Nf-kappa B Plant Extracts Xanthium P38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases Animals Cell Line Cell Survival Drug Effects Cyclooxygenase 2 Genetics Metabolism Cytokines Fruit Heme Oxygenase-1 Lipopolysaccharides Macrophages Membrane Proteins Mice Nitric Oxide Nitric Oxide Synthase Type Ii Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Drug Discovery Pharmacology |
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