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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Bhadra, Bidyut Kumar Kumar, Sanjay Paliwal, Rakesh Jeyaseelan, A. T. |
| Copyright Year | 2016 |
| Abstract | Over-exploitation of groundwater for agricultural crops puts stress on the sustainability of natural resources in the arid region of Rajasthan state, India. Hydrogeological study of groundwater levels of the study area during the pre-monsoon (May to June), post-monsoon (October to November) and post-irrigation (February to March) seasons of 2004–2005 to 2011–2012 shows a steady decline of groundwater levels at the rate of 1.28–1.68 m/year, mainly due to excessive groundwater draft for irrigation. Due to the low density of the groundwater observation-well network in the study area, assessment of groundwater draft, and thus groundwater resource management, becomes a difficult task. To overcome the situation, a linear groundwater draft model (LGDM) has been developed based on the empirical relationship between satellite-derived crop acreage and the observed groundwater draft for the year 2003–2004. The model has been validated for a decade, during three year-long intervals (2005–2006, 2008–2009 and 2011–2012) using groundwater draft, estimated through a discharge factor method. Further, the estimated draft was validated through observed pumping data from random sampled villages (2011–2012). The results suggest that the developed LGDM model provides a good alternative to the estimation of groundwater draft based on satellite-based crop area in the absence of groundwater observation wells in arid regions of northwest India.La surexploitation des eaux souterraines pour l’agriculture met à mal la durabilité des ressources naturelles dans la région aride de l’état du Rajasthan, Inde. L’étude hydrogéologique des niveaux piézométriques de la région étudiée durant les saisons de pré-mousson (mai à juin), post-mousson (octobre à novembre) et post-irrigation (février à mars) de 2004–2005 à 2011–2012 montre une décroissance régulière des niveaux piézométriques à un taux de 1.28 à 1.68 m/an, principalement due à des prélèvements excessifs d’eau souterraine pour l’irrigation. Du fait à la faible densité du réseau de puits d’observation des eaux souterraines dans la région d’étude, l’estimation des prélèvements d’eau souterraine et, par conséquent, la gestion de la ressource en eau souterraine est une tâche difficile. Pour surmonter cette situation, un modèle linéaire de prélèvement d’eau souterraine (LGDM) a été développé sur la base d’une relation empirique entre les surfaces cultivées obtenues par satellite et les prélèvements d’eau souterraine observés au cours de l’année 2003–2004. Le modèle a été validé pour une décennie, pendant des intervalles de trois ans (2005–2006, 2008–2009 et 2011–2012) en utilisant un prélèvement d’eau souterraine estimé à partir d’une méthode de facteur de débit. De plus, le prélèvement estimé a été validé à partir de données de pompage observées à partir de villages tirés au hasard (2011–2012). Les résultats suggèrent que le modèle LGDM développé fournit une bonne alternative à l’estimation des prélèvements d’eau souterraine basée sur les surfaces de cultures estimées par satellite, en l’absence d’observations hydrogéologiques dans les régions arides du nord-ouest de l’Inde.La sobreexplotación del agua subterránea para los cultivos agrícolas pone tensión a la sostenibilidad de los recursos naturales en la región árida del estado de Rajasthan, India. Un estudio hidrogeológico de niveles freáticos de la zona de estudio durante el pre-monzón (mayo a junio), post-monzón (de octubre a noviembre) y post-riego (febrero-marzo) en las temporadas 2004–2005 al 2011–2012 muestra una disminución constante de niveles de aguas subterráneas, a razón de 1.28 a 1.68 m/año, debido principalmente a un proyecto excesiva extracción de agua subterránea para riego. Debido a la baja densidad de la red de pozos de observación de agua subterránea en el área de estudio, la evaluación de la extracción de agua subterránea, y por lo tanto la gestión de recursos de agua subterránea se convierte en una tarea difícil. Para superar la situación, se desarrolló un modelo lineal de extracción de agua subterránea (LGDM) en base a la relación empírica entre la superficie de cultivo procedente de satélites y la extracción de agua subterránea observada para el año 2003–2004. El modelo ha sido validado para una década, durante tres intervalos de un año de duración (2005–2006, 2008–2009 y 2011–2012) utilizando la extracción de agua subterránea, estimada a través de un método de factor de descarga. Además, la extracción estimada fue validada por los datos de bombeo observados en poblados muestreados al azar (2011–2012). Los resultados sugieren que el modelo desarrollado LGDM ofrece una buena alternativa a la estimación de la extracción de agua subterránea en base a la superficie de cultivo a partir de satélites en ausencia de pozos de observación de agua subterránea en las regiones áridas del noroeste de la India.地下水超采用于农作物灌溉对印度拉贾斯坦邦干旱地区自然资源的克持续性造成了压力。2004–2005年到2011–2012年季风前(5月到6月)、季风后(10月到11月)及灌溉后(2月到3月)期间进行的研究区地下水位水文地质研究显示,地下水位稳定下降速率为1.28至1.68 米/年,主要是由于地下水超采用于灌溉造成的。由于研究区内地下水观测井网密度很低,因此,地下水开采评价及地下水资源的管理成为一项艰巨的任务。为了克服这种状况,根据2003–2004年卫星导出农作物面积和观测的地下水开采量之间的经验关系,建立了线性地下水开采模型。在三年长的间隔(2005–2006年,2008–2009年和2011–2012年)期间,利用通过排泄因子方法估算的地下水开采量对模型进行了10年的验证。而且,通过随机采样的村庄观测的抽水资料对估算的开采量进行了验证(2011–2012年)。结果显示,建立的线性地下水开采模型对印度西北部干旱地区缺乏地下水观测井的情况下估算地下水开采量提供了很好的替代选择。A sobre-exploração das águas subterrâneas para cultivos agrícolas causa estres na sustentabilidade dos recursos naturais na região árida do estado do Rajastão, Índia. Estudo hidrogeológico dos níveis da água subterrânea na área de estudo durante as estações pré-monção (maio a junho), pós-monção (outubro a novembro) e pós-irrigação (fevereiro a março) de 2004–2005 a 2011–2012 mostrou um declínio constante dos níveis a uma taxa de 1.28 a 1.68 m/ano, causado principalmente pela excessiva abstração para irrigação. Devido à baixa densidade da rede de poços de observação na área de estudo, a avaliação da abstração das águas subterrâneas e, assim, a gestão dos recursos hídricos subterrâneos, torna-se uma tarefa difícil. Para reverter a situação, um modelo linear de abstração (LGDM) foi desenvolvido baseado na relação empírica entre superfície cultivadas estimadas via satélite e do bombeamento de águas subterrâneas observado para o ano de 2003–2004. O modelo foi validado por uma década, durante três intervalos (2005–2006, 2008–2009 e 2011–2012) utilizando a abstração estimada a partir do método de fator de descarga. Os resultados sugerem que o desenvolvimento do modelo LGDM proporciona uma boa alternativa para a estimativa da abstração baseadas em produtos de satélites para áreas cultivadas na ausência de poços de monitoramento em regiões áridas no nordeste da Índia. |
| Starting Page | 1681 |
| Ending Page | 1698 |
| Page Count | 18 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 14312174 |
| Journal | Hydrogeology Journal |
| Volume Number | 24 |
| Issue Number | 7 |
| e-ISSN | 14350157 |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| Publisher Date | 2016-06-24 |
| Publisher Institution | International Association of Hydrogeologists |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Groundwater draft model Crop acreage Satellite imagery Arid Region India Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources Geology Water Quality/Water Pollution Geophysics/Geodesy Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology |
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