NDLI: Characterization of preferential flow paths between boreholes in fractured rock using a nanoscale zero-valent iron tracer test

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Chuang, Po Yu Chia, Yeeping Liou, Ya Hsuan Teng, Mao Hua Liu, Ching Yi Lee, Tsai Ping
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Recent advances in borehole geophysical techniques have improved characterization of cross-hole fracture flow. The direct detection of preferential flow paths in fractured rock, however, remains to be resolved. In this study, a novel approach using nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI or ‘nano-iron’) as a tracer was developed for detecting fracture flow paths directly. Generally, only a few rock fractures are permeable while most are much less permeable. A heat-pulse flowmeter can be used to detect changes in flow velocity for delineating permeable fracture zones in the borehole and providing the design basis for the tracer test. When nano-iron particles are released in an injection well, they can migrate through the connecting permeable fracture and be attracted to a magnet array when arriving in an observation well. Such an attraction of incoming iron nanoparticles by the magnet can provide quantitative information for locating the position of the tracer inlet. A series of field experiments were conducted in two wells in fractured rock at a hydrogeological research station in Taiwan, to test the cross-hole migration of the nano-iron tracer through permeable connected fractures. The fluid conductivity recorded in the observation well confirmed the arrival of the injected nano-iron slurry. All of the iron nanoparticles attracted to the magnet array in the observation well were found at the depth of a permeable fracture zone delineated by the flowmeter. This study has demonstrated that integrating the nano-iron tracer test with flowmeter measurement has the potential to characterize preferential flow paths in fractured rock.Des avancées récentes dans les techniques de géophysique en forage ont amélioré la caractérisation de l’écoulement en fracture transverse entre forages. La détection directe des zones d’écoulement préférentiel dans la roche fracturée, cependant, reste toutefois à résoudre. Dans cette étude, une nouvelle approche utilisant le fer zéro-valent à l’échelle du nanomètre (nZVI ou ‘nano-fer’) comme traceur a été développée pour détecter directement les chemins d’écoulement en fracture. Généralement seulement quelques fractures dans la roche sont perméables alors que la plupart sont moins perméables. Un débitmètre à impulsions thermiques peut être utilisé pour détecter des changements dans la vitesse d’écoulement afin de localiser les zones de fractures perméables dans le forage et pour fournir le modèle de base pour un essai de traçage. Lorsque les particules de fer nanométriques sont libérées dans le puits d’injection, elles peuvent migrer au sein de fractures perméables connectées et être attirées par un réseau d’aimants en atteignant le puits d’observation. Une telle attraction de nanoparticules de fer entrant par l’aimant peut apporter une information quantitative pour localiser la position de l’entrée du traceur. Une série d’expérimentations de terrain a été conduite dans deux forages en roche fracturée sur la station hydrogéologique de recherche à Taiwan, pour tester la migration du traceur ferrique nanométrique au travers de fractures perméables connectées recoupées par les forages. La conductivité du fluide enregistrée dans le puits d’observation a confirmé l’arrivée de la suspension de fer nanométrique injectée. Toutes les particules de fer attirées par le réseau d’aimants dans le puits d’observation ont été trouvées à la profondeur d’une zone de fractures localisée par le débitmètre. Cette étude a démontré que l’intégration d’un essai de traçage au fer nanométrique avec des mesures au débitmètre est susceptible de caractériser les chemins d’écoulement préférentiel en roche fracturée.Los recientes avances en las técnicas geofísicas de pozos han mejorado la caracterización del flujo en una fractura transversal a un pozo. La detección directa de trayectorias preferenciales de flujo en rocas fracturadas, sin embargo, aún no se ha resuelto. En este estudio, se desarrolló un enfoque novedoso utilizando hierro cerovalente a nanoescala (nZVI o ‘nano-iron’) como trazador para la detección directa de trayectorias del flujo en fracturas. Por lo general sólo unas pocas fracturas de una roca son permeables, mientras que la mayoría son mucho menos permeables. Un medidor de flujo de impulso de calor se puede utilizar para detectar cambios en la velocidad de flujo para delinear las zonas de fractura permeables en un pozo de sondeo y proporcionar una base de diseño para la prueba del trazador. Cuando las nanopartículas de hierro se liberan en un pozo de inyección, pueden migrar a través de una fractura permeable al conectar y ser atraídos por una selección de imanes al arribar a un pozo de observación. La atracción de nanopartículas de hierro entrantes por el imán puede proporcionar información cuantitativa para la localización de la posición de la entrada del trazador. Una serie de experimentos de campo se llevaron a cabo en dos pozos en roca fracturada en una estación de investigación hidrogeológica en Taiwán, para probar la migración del trazador de nanopartículas de hierro en un pozo a través de las fracturas permeables relacionadas. La conductividad del fluido registrada en el pozo de observación confirmó la llegada del compuesto de las nanopartículas de hierro inyectadas. Todas las nanopartículas de hierro atraídas por la matriz del imán en el pozo de observación se encontraron a la profundidad de una zona de fractura permeable definida por un caudalímetro. Este estudio ha demostrado que la integración de la prueba del trazador de las nanopartículas de hierro con la medición del caudalímetro tiene la posibilidad de caracterizar trayectorias preferenciales de flujo en la roca fracturada.钻孔地球物理技术的最近进展提高了横跨钻孔断裂水流的描述水平。然而,断裂岩石中优先流通道的直接探测仍然有待解决。在本研究中,提出了采用纳米级零价铁作为示踪剂直接探测断裂水流通道的新方法。一般来说,少数岩石断裂是透水的,而大多数岩石断裂透水性很差的。可用热脉冲流量表探测水流速度变化,以描述钻孔中的透水断裂带,为示踪实验提供设计基础。当纳米铁微粒释放到注入井中,它们可通过相互连通的透水断裂运移,到达观测井时被吸附到磁铁列阵上。磁铁对对到来的铁纳米微粒的吸引可为示踪剂入口的定位提供定量信息。在台湾水文地质研究站断裂岩石两口井中进行了一系列的野外实验,检验纳米铁示踪剂通过透水的、相互连通的断裂横跨钻孔的运移。观测井记录的流体传导性确定了注入的纳米铁浆的已经到达。通过流量表显示的数据发现观测井中所有被吸引到磁铁列阵的铁纳米微粒处在透水断裂带的深部。这项研究说明,纳米贴示踪实验结合流量表测量能够描述断裂岩中优先流通道。Avanços recentes nas técnicas de geofísica de poço melhoraram a caracterização do fluxo da água subterrânea através de fraturas interpoços. Contudo, a detecção direta de caminhos preferenciais de circulação da água em rochas fraturadas permanece um desafio. Este estudo apresenta uma nova abordagem para a detecção direta desses caminhos preferenciais utilizando nano partículas de ferro zero valente como traçador (nZVI ou ‘nano-iron’). Em geral, apenas algumas fraturas são permeáveis, enquanto a maior parte tem pequena contribuição para o fluxo de água. Ensaios com medidor de fluxo de pulso de calor podem ser realizados para mapear variações na velocidade da água em furos abertos para a determinação de zonas de fraturas mais permeáveis, informação necessária para o design de ensaios com traçadores. Quando nano partículas de ferro são adicionadas em um poço de injeção, estas podem migrar através da rede de fraturas e serem atraídas por um arranjo de ímãs caso passem por um poço de observação. A atração dessas nano partículas de ferro pelo ímã, no poço de observação, podem fornecer dados quantitativos a respeito da localização das entradas de água e permeabilidade. Uma série de experimentos de campo foram conduzidos em dois poços instalados em um aquífero fraturado em uma estação de pesquisa de hidrogeologia em Taiwan, para testar a migração interpoços do traçador composto de nano partículas de ferro através da rede de fraturas. A condutividade do fluido registrada no poço de observação confirmou a chegada da solução contendo nano partículas de ferro inserida no poço de injeção. Todas as nano partículas de ferro atraídas pelo arranjo de ímãs no poço de observação foram observadas na profundidade em que foi identificada uma zona de fraturas permeáveis com medidor de fluxo de pulso de calor. Este estudo demonstrou que a integração de ensaios de traçadores com nano partículas de ferro zero valente com estimativas de medidor fluxo tem potencial para a caracterização de fluxo preferencial da água subterrânea em rochas fraturadas.
Starting Page	1651
Ending Page	1662
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	24
Issue Number	7
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	Portuguese
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2016-05-30
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Fractured rocks Preferential flow Flowmeter Nanoscale zero-valent iron Tracer tests Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources Geology Water Quality/Water Pollution Geophysics/Geodesy Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Mapping fracture flow paths with a nanoscale zero-valent iron tracer test and a flowmeter test

Blended head analyses to reduce uncertainty in packer testing in fractured-rock boreholes

Interpretation of hydraulic conductivity in a fractured-rock aquifer over increasingly larger length dimensions

The challenge of interpreting environmental tracer concentrations in fractured rock and carbonate aquifers

Influence of topsoil of pyroclastic origin on microbial contamination of groundwater in fractured carbonate aquifers

Retention properties of flow paths in fractured rock

Recharge and pumping hydraulics in a till drumlin above fractured bedrock (Massachusetts, USA)

Investigating the role of hydromechanical coupling on flow and transport in shallow fractured-rock aquifers

Virus occurrence in private and public wells in a fractured dolostone aquifer in Canada

Characterization of preferential flow paths between boreholes in fractured rock using a nanoscale zero-valent iron tracer test

Similar Documents

Mapping fracture flow paths with a nanoscale zero-valent iron tracer test and a flowmeter test

Blended head analyses to reduce uncertainty in packer testing in fractured-rock boreholes

Interpretation of hydraulic conductivity in a fractured-rock aquifer over increasingly larger length dimensions

The challenge of interpreting environmental tracer concentrations in fractured rock and carbonate aquifers

Influence of topsoil of pyroclastic origin on microbial contamination of groundwater in fractured carbonate aquifers

Retention properties of flow paths in fractured rock

Recharge and pumping hydraulics in a till drumlin above fractured bedrock (Massachusetts, USA)

Investigating the role of hydromechanical coupling on flow and transport in shallow fractured-rock aquifers

Virus occurrence in private and public wells in a fractured dolostone aquifer in Canada

Characterization of preferential flow paths between boreholes in fractured rock using a nanoscale zero-valent iron tracer test