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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Vitale, M. V. Gardner, P. Hinman, N. W. |
| Copyright Year | 2008 |
| Abstract | Small quantities of groundwater interact with hydrothermal surface water to drive in-stream geochemical processes in a silica-armored hot-spring outflow channel in Yellowstone National Park, USA. The objective of this study was to characterize the hydrology and geochemistry of this unique system in order to (1) learn more about the Yellowstone Plateau’s subsurface water mixing between meteoric and hydrothermal waters and (2) learn more about the chemical and physical processes that lead to accumulation of streambed cements, i.e., streambed armor. A combination of hydrological, geochemical, mineralogical, microscopic, and petrographic techniques were used to identify groundwater and surface-water exchange. Interaction could be identified in winter because of differences in surface water and groundwater composition but interaction at other times of the year cannot be ruled out. Dissolved constituents originating from groundwater (e.g., Fe(II) and Mg) were traced downstream until oxidation and/or subsequent precipitation with silica removed them, particularly where high affinity substrates like cyanobacterial surfaces were present. Because the stream lies in a relatively flat drainage basin and is fed mainly by a seasonally relatively stable hot spring, this system allowed study of the chemical processes along a stream without the obscuring effects of sedimentation.De petites quantités d’eaux souterraines interagissent avec les eaux hydrothermales de surface pour conduire à des processus géochimiques dans le cours d’eau lui-même, au niveau du chenal de surverse à cuirasse siliceuse d’une source chaude du parc national de Yellowstone (USA). L’objectif de cette étude était de caractériser l’hydrologie et la géochimie de ce système particulier dans le but (1) de mieux comprendre les échanges de subsurface entres eaux météoriques et eaux hydrothermales sur le plateau de Yellowstone et (2) mieux comprendre les processus chimiques et physiques qui conduisent à l’accumulation des ciments dans le lit des cours d’eau, i.e. la cuirasse des cours d’eau. Une combinaison de techniques hydrologiques, géochimiques, minéralogiques, microscopiques et pétrographiques a été employées pour identifier les échanges entres eaux souterraines et eaux de surface. Des interactions ont pu être identifiées en hivers du fait des différences de composition entre eaux de surface et souterraines mais des interactions à d’autres périodes de l’année ne peuvent être exclues. Des éléments dissouts issus des eaux souterraines (par exemple Fe(II) et Mg) ont été suivis vers l’aval jusqu’à ce qu’ils disparaissent par oxydation et/ou précipitation subséquente avec la silice, en particulier lorsque sont présents des substrats à forte affinité tels que les surfaces des cyanobactéries. Parce que le cours d’eau progresse sur un bassin hydrographique assez plat et est principalement alimenté par une source chaude relativement stable au cours des saisons, ce système a permis l’étude des processus chimiques le long du cours d’eau sans les effets masquant dus à la sédimentation.Pequeñas cantidades de aguas subterráneas interactúan con aguas superficiales hidrotermales para dar lugar a procesos geoquímicos en manantiales termales con mineralización silícea en el Parque Nacional Yellowstone, USA. El objetivo de este estudio fue la caracterización de la hidrología y la geoquímica de este sistema único para (1) comprender mejor la mezcla subsuperficial de aguas meteóricas e hidrotermales en la meseta de Yellowstone y (2) aprender más sobre los procesos químicos y físicos que conducen a la acumulación de cementos en el lecho de los cursos de agua, esto es, la mineralización de los lechos. Se usó una combinación de técnicas hidrológicas, geoquímicas, mineralógicas y petrográficas para identificar el intercambio entre aguas superficiales y subterráneas. La interacción pudo ser identificada en el invierno debido a las diferencias en la composición de las aguas superficiales y las subterráneas, aunque la interacción en otros momentos del año no puede desestimarse. Constituyentes disueltos originados en las aguas subterráneas (Fe(II) y Mg) fueron monitoreados aguas abajo hasta que su oxidación y/o precipitación con sílice determinaron su eliminación de la solución, particularmente en presencia de sustratos de alta afinidad como superficies con cianobacterias. Debido a que los cursos de agua pertenecen a una cuenca de drenaje relativamente plana y se alimentan estacionalmente de manantiales termales relativamente estables, este sistema permitió el estudio de los procesos químicos a los largo de los cursos sin considerar los efectos de la sedimentación. 在美国黄石国家公园中一处存在硅华的热泉出口, 少量地下水混入热水河促进了河流中地球化学作用的发生。本文通过刻画这个独特系统的水文和地球化学特征来加深了解: 1) 黄石高原大气降水、地表水与地下热水的混合作用, 2) 河床胶结物/盖层形成的物理化学过程。文中综合运用了水文学、地球化学、矿物学、岩相学和显微技术来确定地下水和地表水的交换。一年中, 由于冬季地表水和地下水的组成差异较大, 因而能确定二者的交换作用, 但其它时间的交换作用也不能排除。顺河流流向的示踪表明, 地下水中溶解的原始组分 (如二价铁和镁) 发生氧化作用或与二氧化硅形成沉淀而从水中移出, 尤其当河床中存在高亲和力基质如蓝藻细菌等的时候。此外, 因为河床所处地势相对平坦, 且主要补给来源为季节性的稳定热泉, 这样一个流域系统无明显沉积效应, 适合于进行河流水化学过程的研究。Pequenas quantidades de água subterrânea interagem com água superficial hidrotermal para desencadear processos geoquímicos dentro do fluxo do canal de descarga de uma nascente quente blindada por sílica no Parque Nacional de Yellowstone, EUA. O objectivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a hidrologia e a geoquímica deste sistema único de forma a (1) aprender mais sobre a mistura de águas subsuperficiais entre águas meteóricas e águas hidrotermais do Plateau de Yellowstone e (2) aprender mais sobre os processos químicos e físicos que conduzem à acumulação de cimentos nos leitos de cursos de água, i.e., à blindagem dos leitos de cursos de água. Para identificar as trocas de água subterrânea e água superficial foi utilizada uma combinação de técnicas hidrológicas, geoquímicas, mineralógicas, microscópicas e petrográficas. A interacção pôde ser identificada no Inverno devido às diferenças nas composições das águas superficiais e subterrâneas mas não se pôde estabelecer noutras épocas do ano. Os constituintes dissolvidos provenientes das águas subterrâneas (e.g., Fe(II) e Mg) foram traçados para jusante até serem removidos por oxidação e/ou por subsequente precipitação com a sílica, particularmente onde ocorriam substratos de alta afinidade, tais como superfícies com cianobactérias. Dado que o curso de água se situa numa bacia de drenagem relativamente plana e é alimentado por uma nascente quente sazonalmente relativamente estável, este sistema permitiu o estudo dos processos químicos ao longo do fluxo sem os efeitos de obscurecimento da sedimentação. |
| Starting Page | 1381 |
| Ending Page | 1393 |
| Page Count | 13 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 14312174 |
| Journal | Hydrogeology Journal |
| Volume Number | 16 |
| Issue Number | 7 |
| e-ISSN | 14350157 |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag |
| Publisher Date | 2008-08-12 |
| Publisher Institution | International Association of Hydrogeologists |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Hot springs Groundwater/surface-water relations Hydrochemistry USA Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Geology Hydrogeology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology |
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