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Metallomics Vol - 5 Issue - 4

Metallomics Vol - 5 Issue - 3

Metallomics Vol - 5 Issue - 2

Synaptic Zn²⁺ homeostasis and its significance

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Takeda, Atsushi Fujii, Hiroaki Tamano, Haruna Nakamura, Masatoshi
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	The decrease in serum zinc is linked to the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activation that increases the serum glucocorticoid level, indicating the importance of zinc homeostasis in physiological function. Zinc homeostasis in the brain is maintained through the blood–brain and blood–cerebrospinal fluid barriers. At young age, however, the increase in zinc concentration in the brain extracellular fluid along with brain development is suppressed under chronic zinc deficiency, followed by suppression of the increase in zinc in the synaptic vesicles that serves as the Zn2+ signal. Zn2+ is released from glutamatergic (zincergic) neuron terminals and serves as the Zn2+ signal in the intracellular (cytosol) compartment through calcium-permeable channels in addition to the extracellular compartment. Synaptic Zn2+ signals may participate in synaptic plasticity such as long-term potentiation (LTP) and cognitive function. Both the lack and excess of synaptic Zn2+ signals may affect them. Because there is limited evidence for the significance of Zn2+ signaling, the exact relationship between synaptic Zn2+ function and cognitive activity remains to be solved. Synaptic Zn2+ homeostasis seems to be controlled by the two major pools of Zn2+, i.e., the synaptic vesicle and the extracellular compartment, in the brain. Synaptic Zn2+ homeostasis is affected by the enhanced glutamatergic (zincergic) neuron activity. This paper summarizes the significance of synaptic Zn2+ homeostasis in zincergic neuron activity.
Starting Page	417
Ending Page	423
Page Count	7
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	17565901
Volume Number	5
Issue Number	5
Journal	Metallomics
DOI	10.1039/c3mt20269k
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Extracellular fluid Glutamic acid Neuron Long-term potentiation Synaptic plasticity Homeostasis Synaptic vesicle Zinc deficiency Glucocorticoid Cytosol Zinc
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry Medicine Metals and Alloys Biochemistry Biomaterials Biophysics

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