NDLI: The absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of procyanidins

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Li, Junsong Zhang, Liang Ho, Chi-Tang Wan, Xiaochun Li, Daxiang Wang, Yijun
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Procyanidins (PAs) are polyphenols in plant food that have many health benefits, including cancer prevention, cardiovascular protection and diabetes prevention. PAs have been known to have low oral bioavilability. In this review, we summarize the published results on the ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) of PAs in vivo and in vitro. After oral administration, in the stomach the decomposition of PAs is highly dependent on the pH value of gastric juice, which is also affected by food intake. In the small intestine, PA polymers and oligomers with DP > 4 are not directly absorbed in vivo, but minor PA monomers and dimers could be detected in the plasma. Methylated and glucuronidated PA dimers and monomers are the main metabolites of PAs in plasma. In the colon, PAs are catabolized by colonic microflora into a series of low molecular weight phenolic acids, such as phenyl valerolactone, phenylacetic acids and phenylpropionic acids. We reviewed the degradation of PAs in gastric digestion, the absorption of PAs in the small intestine and the metabolic pathway of PAs by colonic microflora. To clearly explain the in vivo pharmacokinetics of PAs, a systematic comparative analysis on previously published data on PAs was conducted.
Starting Page	1273
Ending Page	1281
Page Count	9
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20426496
Volume Number	7
Issue Number	3
Journal	Food & Function
DOI	10.1039/c5fo01244a
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Cancer Diabetes mellitus type 2 ADME Metabolism PH Gastric acid Small intestine Blood plasma Glucuronidation Large intestine Gut flora Phenyl group Metabolic pathway Pharmacokinetics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Food Science

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