NDLI: Low noise, −50 dB second harmonic distortion single-ended to differential switched-capacitive variable gain amplifier for ultrasound imaging

Content Provider	IET Digital Library
Author	Wang, Peng Ytterdal, Trond
Abstract	A low noise, low power, single-ended to differential switched-capacitor variable gain amplifier (SC-VGA) is designed and fabricated in 0.18 µm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology for a 2–6 MHz second harmonic cardiac ultrasound imaging system. The SC-VGA has 10-bit dB-linear gain steps from −14 to 32 dB which are distributed into two stages, and each stage has a single-stage operational trans-conductance amplifier using floating capacitors to save the power and improve the noise performance. The first stage converts the single-ended input to differential outputs with the 2-bit gain control from 0 to 18 dB, and the second stage exploits 8-bit capacitor arrays to control the gain from −14 to 14 dB. The measured results show that the second harmonic distortion is <−50 dB, the third harmonic distortion is <−50 dB and the integrated noise from 2 to 6 MHz at the output is −64 dBm at the maximum gain and a sampling frequency of 30 MHz. The simulation results match well with the measured results. The SC-VGA works at a supply voltage of 1.6 V and consumes the current of 900 µA. The die size of the SC-VGA is 387 µm × 502 µm.
Starting Page	173
Ending Page	180
Page Count	8
ISSN	1751858X
Volume Number	10
e-ISSN	17518598
Issue Number	Issue 3, May (2016)
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/iet-cds/10/3
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-cds.2014.0364
Journal	IET Circuits, Devices & Systems
Publisher Date	2016-05-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Subject Keyword	Amplifiers Biomedical Imaging Biomedical Ultrasonics Capacitor Array CMOS Analogue Integrated Circuit CMOS Integrated Circuit Complementary Metal-oxide-semiconductor Technology Current 900 MuA Differential Amplifiers Floating Capacitor Frequency 2 MHz to 6 MHz Gain -14 DB to 18 DB Harmonic Distortion Low Noise Amplifier Low Noise Second Harmonic Distortion Single-ended to Differential Switched-capacitive Variable Gain Amplifier Low Power Electronics Operational Amplifier SC-VGA Second Harmonic Cardiac Ultrasound Imaging System Single-stage Operational Transconductance Amplifier Size 0.18 Mum Sonic And Ultrasonic Application Sonic And Ultrasonic Radiation Switched Capacitor Integrator Ultrasonic Imaging Voltage 1.6 V Word Length 10 Bit
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Control and Systems Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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