NDLI: Siting of GSM Base Station Antenna and Its Health Consequences

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Okonigene, R.E.
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	In Nigeria 98% of Global System for Mobile (GSM) base stations (cell sites) are sited within 20 meters from residential, offices, schools, business buildings, petrol stations and public arenas. 97.1% of these mobile base station antennas have their far field zone, which ranges between 110m to 270m, and are centred on densely populated areas. Cell phone antennas emit microwave frequencies, which are non-ionising radiation. This paper presents an overview of evidence supporting public health risks from gsm radiations that are documented in published scientific studies in respected, peer-reviewed journals. Also, this paper presents some field measured data of radiation from GSM antennas in Nigeria. The analyses of the measured data showed that the radiation power densities are lower than 10 µW/cm2. Comparing these power densities to those found in documented evidence of health effects showed that the health effects of these radiations are non-thermal in nature. Exposure to gsm radiations are linked to fatigue, headache, decreased concentration, dizziness, local irritation, burning, tumour induction, sperm motility, morphology and viability, and a reduction in male fertilizing potential. The most common associated health effect due to radiation from GSM antennas is headache. Therefore, it is advisable that mobile base stations should not be sited within 300m from residential, offices, school buildings, petrol stations and public arenas.
Starting Page	613
Ending Page	618
File Size	240542
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424462704
e-ISBN	9781424462711
DOI	10.1109/ITNG.2010.20
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2010-04-12
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	GSM Antenna measurements Microwave antennas power density Base stations Mobile antennas Wireless technology Educational institutions Microwave frequencies Petroleum gsm antennas Cellular phones non-ionizing radiations Public healthcare
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in