NDLI: An artificial multi-channel model for generating abnormal electrocardiographic rhythms

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Clifford, G.D. Nemati, S. Sameni, R.
Copyright Year	2008
Description	Author affiliation: Biomed. Signal & Image Process. Lab., Sharif Univ. of Technol., Tehran (Sameni, R.) \|\| Div. of Health Sci. & Technol., Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, MA (Clifford, G.D.) \|\| Massachusetts Inst. of Technol., Cambridge, MA (Nemati, S.)
Abstract	We present generalizations of our previously published artificial models for generating multi-channel ECG so that the simulation of abnormal rhythms is possible. Using a three-dimensional vectorcardiogram (VCG) formulation, we generate the normal cardiac dipole for a patient using a sum of Gaussian kernels, fitted to real VCG recordings. Abnormal beats are then specified either as new dipoles, or as perturbations of the existing dipole. Switching between normal and abnormal beat types is achieved using a hidden Markov model (HMM). Probability transitions can be learned from real data or modeled by coupling to heart rate and sympathovagal balance. Natural morphology changes form beat-to-beat are incorporated as before from varying the angular frequency of the dipole as a function of the inter-beat (RR) interval. The RR interval time series is generated using our previously described model whereby time-and frequency-domain heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) characteristics can be specified. QT-HR hysteresis is simulated by coupling the Gaussian kernels associated with the T-wave in the model with a nonlinear factor related to the local HR (determined from the last n RR intervals). Morphology changes due to respiration are simulated by coupling the RR interval to the angular frequency of the dipole. We demonstrate an example of the use of this model by simulating T-Wave Alternans (TWA). The magnitude of the TWA effect is modeled as a disturbance on the T-loop of the dipole with a magnitude that differs in each of the three VCG planes. The effect is then turned on or off using a HMM. The values of the transition matrix are determined by the local heart rate, such that when the HR ramps up towards 100 BPM, the probability of observing a TWA effect rapidly but smoothly increases. In this way, no dasiasuddenpsila switching from non-TWA to TWA is observed, and the natural tendency for TWA to be associated with a critical HR-related activation level is simulated. Finally, to generate multi-lead signals, the VCG is mapped to any set of clinical leads using a Dower-like transform derived from a least-squares optimization between known VCGs and known lead morphologies. ECGs with calibrated amounts of TWA were generated by this model and included in the PhysioNet/CinC Challenge 2008 data set.
Starting Page	773
Ending Page	776
File Size	176725
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424437061
ISSN	02766547
DOI	10.1109/CIC.2008.4749156
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2008-09-14
Publisher Place	Italy
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Computers in Cardiology(CinC)
Subject Keyword	Rhythm Hidden Markov models Heart rate Morphology Electrocardiography Kernel Frequency Heart rate variability Character generation Hysteresis
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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