NDLI: Encapsulated cathode-heater package

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Baracco, A. Rockwell, A. Miram, G.
Copyright Year	1976
Description	Author affiliation: ELCON, San Jose, Ca. (Baracco, A.)
Abstract	A novel heater-package consists of one or more thin layers of chemically machined metal compressed under temperature into a solid block of high purity alumina ceramic. High power level tubes, especially of small size and high efficiency, require cathodes capable of high emission densities. Tungsten matrix cathodes are often used. These cathodes are capable of up to 5 amperes per square centimeter of cathode surface area. Unfortunately, these cathodes operate between 1100 to 1200 C. The heaters for these cathodes operate at even higher temperatures. It is not unusual to see 1500 C or 1600 C heater temperatures. The heater life is seriously diminished, due to sag, evaporation, embrittlement and electrochemical effects. When the new heater is used in heater-cathode packages, the heater temperature is typically less than 1350 C for cathode temperatures above 1100 C. The photo-etched or chemically machined pattern is usually bifilar, the precise geometry and cancelling action result in minimum stray magnetic field on the cathode surface. The low heater temperature and turn to turn voltages minimize the electrolytic action. The voids characteristic of presently used potted heaters are absent, making this heater suitable for D.C. operation. The time to reach full operating temperature after application of the heater voltage is minimized allowing "quick start" operation. The heater-ceramic package can be potted into a groove machined in the cathode matrix, located so as to obtain the uniform cathode temperature. D.C. operation, heater cycling, efficiency and other tests, including life, will be discussed. Comparison with known heater cathode packages will be made.
Starting Page	646
Ending Page	646
File Size	55687
Page Count	1
File Format	PDF
DOI	10.1109/IEDM.1976.189128
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1976-12-06
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Cathodes Temperature Packaging machines Chemicals Voltage Solids Ceramics Tungsten Geometry Magnetic fields
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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