NDLI: Anti-HIV-1 ADCC and HIV-1 Env Can Be Partners in Reducing Latent HIV Reservoir

Content Provider	Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Author	Poonam Suryawanshi Rajani Bagul Ashwini Shete Madhuri Thakar
Abstract	BackgroundPersistence of HIV reservoir even in suppressive ART is the key obstacle in HIV-1 cure. We evaluated the ability of HIV-1 C Env to reactivate the latently infected resting memory CD4 cells and the ability of polyclonal HIV antibodies mediating ADCC to lyse the reactivated targets.MethodologyHIV-1 antibodies from 25 HIV infected individuals (14 ADCC responders and 11 non-responders) were tested against the Env-C reactivated primary cells; CD4+ and CD4+CD45RO+ memory T cells in the presence of autologous or heterologous effector cells using multicolor flow cytometry. The frequencies of p24+ve target cells were measured to determine the reactivation and antibody mediated lysis.ResultsIncrease in the frequency of p24 expressing cells (P < 0.01 in all cases) after Env-C stimulation of target cells indicated reactivation. When these reactivated targets were mixed with effector cells and HIV-1 antibodies, the frequencies of p24 expressing targets were decreased significantly when the ADCC mediating antibodies (P < 0.01 in all cases) were added but not when the antibodies from ADCC non-responders or HIV negative individuals were added. In parallel, the NK cell activation was also increased only when ADCC mediating antibodies were added.ConclusionThe study showed that the HIV-1 Env could act as latency reversal agent (LRA), and only ADCC mediating antibodies could lyse the reactivated HIV reservoirs. The short stimulation cycle used in this study could be useful in testing LRAs as well as immune mediated lysis of reactivated reservoirs. The observations have further implication in designing antibody mediated immunotherapy for eradication of latent HIV reservoir.
e-ISSN	16643224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2021.663919
Journal	Frontiers in Immunology
Volume Number	12
Language	English
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Publisher Date	2021-04-01
Publisher Place	Switzerland
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Immunologic Diseases. Allergy Anti-hiv Antibodies Latent Hiv Adcc Hiv Env Hiv
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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