NDLI: Plasmoviruses: nonviral/viral vectors for gene therapy.

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Earthquake prediction: the scientific challenge.

Earthquake prediction: the interaction of public policy and science.

Initiation process of earthquakes and its implications for seismic hazard reduction strategy.

Intermediate- and long-term earthquake prediction.

Scale dependence in earthquake phenomena and its relevance to earthquake prediction.

Intermediate-term earthquake prediction.

A selective phenomenology of the seismicity of Southern California.

The repetition of large-earthquake ruptures.

Hypothesis testing and earthquake prediction.

What electrical measurements can say about changes in fault systems.

Geochemical challenge to earthquake prediction.

Implications of fault constitutive properties for earthquake prediction.

Nonuniformity of the constitutive law parameters for shear rupture and quasistatic nucleation to dynamic rupture: a physical model of earthquake generation processes.

Rock friction and its implications for earthquake prediction examined via models of Parkfield earthquakes.

Slip complexity in earthquake fault models.

Dynamic friction and the origin of the complexity of earthquake sources.

Slip complexity in dynamic models of earthquake faults.

The organization of seismicity on fault networks.

Geometric incompatibility in a fault system.

Acridones: a chemically new group of protonophores.

Chloroplast DNA evidence of colonization, adaptive radiation, and hybridization in the evolution of the Macaronesian flora.

Motor learning by field approximation.

The effects of sequence context on DNA curvature.

Organ-specific and Agamous-regulated expression and glycosylation of a pollen tube growth-promoting protein.

Detection of a major gene for resistance to fusiform rust disease in loblolly pine by genomic mapping.

Proteins associated with RNase E in a multicomponent ribonucleolytic complex.

Membrane lipid perturbation modifies the set point of the temperature of heat shock response in yeast.

A mechanism for intergenomic integration: abundance of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small-subunit protein influences the translation of the large-subunit mRNA.

Movement of yeast cortical actin cytoskeleton visualized in vivo.

Endothelin 3 promotes neural crest cell proliferation and mediates a vast increase in melanocyte number in culture.

Were bowerbirds part of the New Zealand fauna?

Prevention of cardiovascular and renal pathology of aging by the advanced glycation inhibitor aminoguanidine.

Hippocampal atrophy in recurrent major depression.

A rat genetic map constructed by representational difference analysis markers with suitability for large-scale typing.

POU domain factor Brn-3b is required for the development of a large set of retinal ganglion cells.

Long-time quantum simulation of the primary charge separation in bacterial photosynthesis.

Targeted DNA recombination in vivo using an adenovirus carrying the cre recombinase gene.

A yeast artificial chromosome-based map of the region of chromosome 20 containing the diabetes-susceptibility gene, MODY1, and a myeloid leukemia related gene.

Metalloelastase is required for macrophage-mediated proteolysis and matrix invasion in mice.

Analysis of lipopolysaccharide-response genes in B-lineage cells demonstrates that they can have differentiation stage-restricted expression and contain SH2 domains.

Isolation of 10 differentially expressed cDNAs in p53-induced apoptosis: activation of the vertebrate homologue of the drosophila seven in absentia gene.

Assignment of Rfp-Y to the chicken major histocompatibility complex/NOR microchromosome and evidence for high-frequency recombination associated with the nucleolar organizer region.

STAT3 activation is a critical step in gp130-mediated terminal differentiation and growth arrest of a myeloid cell line.

CNI-1493 inhibits monocyte/macrophage tumor necrosis factor by suppression of translation efficiency.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection despite prior immunization with a recombinant envelope vaccine regimen.

Axotomized neonatal motoneurons overexpressing the bcl2 proto-oncogene retain functional electrophysiological properties.

The ALIAmide palmitoylethanolamide and cannabinoids, but not anandamide, are protective in a delayed postglutamate paradigm of excitotoxic death in cerebellar granule neurons.

Serotonergic modulation of muscle acetylcholine receptors of different subunit composition.

Absence of opioid stress-induced analgesia in mice lacking beta-endorphin by site-directed mutagenesis.

P-glycoprotein: a major determinant of rifampicin-inducible expression of cytochrome P4503A in mice and humans.

cemA homologue essential to CO2 transport in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC6803.

Chromophore-bearing NH2-terminal domains of phytochromes A and B determine their photosensory specificity and differential light lability.

Electroconvulsive shock and lidocaine reveal rapid consolidation of spatial working memory in the water maze.

Mapping protein-protein interactions by affinity-directed mass spectrometry.

Template-nucleated alanine-lysine helices are stabilized by position-dependent interactions between the lysine side chain and the helix barrel.

Chaperonin-facilitated protein folding: optimization of rate and yield by an iterative annealing mechanism.

Posttranslational amino acid epimerization: enzyme-catalyzed isomerization of amino acid residues in peptide chains.

Interleukin 3 or interleukin 1 abrogates the reconstituting ability of hematopoietic stem cells.

Increased cytosine DNA-methyltransferase activity is target-cell-specific and an early event in lung cancer.

Immunologic basis of transplant-associated arteriosclerosis.

DNA transport by a type II topoisomerase: direct evidence for a two-gate mechanism.

Mapping the protein regions responsible for the functional specificities of the Arabidopsis MADS domain organ-identity proteins.

Homophilic adhesion mediated by the neural cell adhesion molecule involves multiple immunoglobulin domains.

4E-BP1 phosphorylation is mediated by the FRAP-p70s6k pathway and is independent of mitogen-activated protein kinase.

Metabolism of Alzheimer beta-amyloid precursor protein: regulation by protein kinase A in intact cells and in a cell-free system.

Dominant-negative p53 mutations selected in yeast hit cancer hot spots.

Identification of the promoter of the mouse obese gene.

Selective expansion of high- or low-avidity cytotoxic T lymphocytes and efficacy for adoptive immunotherapy.

Ethinylestradiol does not enhance the expression of nitric oxide synthase in bovine endothelial cells but increases the release of bioactive nitric oxide by inhibiting superoxide anion production.

Centripetal cholesterol flux from extrahepatic organs to the liver is independent of the concentration of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol in plasma.

Human semaphorins A(V) and IV reside in the 3p21.3 small cell lung cancer deletion region and demonstrate distinct expression patterns.

Aromatic amino acid transamination and methionine recycling in trypanosomatids.

Group B streptococci escape host immunity by deletion of tandem repeat elements of the alpha C protein.

Foamy virus reverse transcriptase is expressed independently from the Gag protein.

Cell density regulates cellular reversal frequency in Myxococcus xanthus.

Neurocytopathic effects of beta-amyloid-stimulated monocytes: a potential mechanism for central nervous system damage in Alzheimer disease.

Retinal glial cell glutamate transporter is coupled to an anionic conductance.

Calorie restriction lowers body temperature in rhesus monkeys, consistent with a postulated anti-aging mechanism in rodents.

Prolactin increases CD4/CD8 cell ratio in thymus-grafted congenitally athymic nude mice.

The phosphatase activity of carbonic anhydrase III is reversibly regulated by glutathiolation.

Plasmoviruses: nonviral/viral vectors for gene therapy.

Characterization of the transforming activity of p80, a hyperphosphorylated protein in a Ki-1 lymphoma cell line with chromosomal translocation t(2;5).

Molecularly engineered resistance to California serogroup virus replication in mosquito cells and mosquitoes.

Converting cancer genes into killer genes.

Macrophage killing is an essential virulence mechanism of Salmonella typhimurium.

Truncated elongation factor G lacking the G domain promotes translocation of the 3' end but not of the anticodon domain of peptidyl-tRNA.

A mutant cytochrome b5 with a lengthened membrane anchor escapes from the endoplasmic reticulum and reaches the plasma membrane.

Pax3 modulates expression of the c-Met receptor during limb muscle development.

Myofibroblasts differentiate from fibroblasts when plated at low density.

Phosphorylation of the fused protein kinase in response to signaling from hedgehog.

Glycoprotein 330/megalin: probable role in receptor-mediated transport of apolipoprotein J alone and in a complex with Alzheimer disease amyloid beta at the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers.

Mixed synapses discovered and mapped throughout mammalian spinal cord.

Nerve growth factor in the anterior pituitary: localization in mammotroph cells and cosecretion with prolactin by a dopamine-regulated mechanism.

Nitric oxide synthase content of hypothalamic explants: increase by norepinephrine and inactivated by NO and cGMP.

A general assay for antibody catalysis using acridone as a fluorescent tag.

A rigid trans-spanning dinitrile ligand.

Bond orientational order, molecular motion, and free energy of high-density DNA mesophases.

Characterization of the gene cluster of high-molecular-mass nitrile hydratase (H-NHase) induced by its reaction product in Rhodococcus rhodochrous J1.

Modulation of the transcriptional activity of thyroid hormone receptors by the tumor suppressor p53.

Human plectin: organization of the gene, sequence analysis, and chromosome localization (8q24).

Potentiation of the bioavailability of daidzin by an extract of Radix puerariae.

The SNAP45 subunit of the small nuclear RNA (snRNA) activating protein complex is required for RNA polymerase II and III snRNA gene transcription and interacts with the TATA box binding protein.

E2-C, a cyclin-selective ubiquitin carrier protein required for the destruction of mitotic cyclins.

Mammalian phospholipase D: phosphatidylethanolamine as an essential component.

Purified inositol hexakisphosphate kinase is an ATP synthase: diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate as a high-energy phosphate donor.

Modulation of promoter occupancy by cooperative DNA binding and activation-domain function is a major determinant of transcriptional regulation by activators in vivo.

Didemnin binds to the protein palmitoyl thioesterase responsible for infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis.

Prediction of the stability of DNA triplexes.

Design and synthesis of ribonucleic guanidine: a polycationic analog of RNA.

Characterization of mouse angiogenin-related protein: implications for functional studies on angiogenin.

Transcription of the lymphocyte-specific terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase gene requires a specific core promoter structure.

Dressed polyions, counterion condensation, and adsorption excess in polyelectrolyte solutions.

Differences in the RNA binding sites of iron regulatory proteins and potential target diversity.

Inhibition of cyclin D-CDK4/CDK6 activity is associated with an E2F-mediated induction of cyclin kinase inhibitor activity.

ERK6, a mitogen-activated protein kinase involved in C2C12 myoblast differentiation.

DNA sequences of Alu elements indicate a recent replacement of the human autosomal genetic complement.

Stable triple helices formed by oligonucleotide N3'-->P5' phosphoramidates inhibit transcription elongation.

Amplification of the full-length hepatitis A virus genome by long reverse transcription-PCR and transcription of infectious RNA directly from the amplicon.

Mutation detection with MutH, MutL, and MutS mismatch repair proteins.

Mutator tRNAs are encoded by the Escherichia coli mutator genes mutA and mutC: a novel pathway for mutagenesis.

Kinetics of cytokine expression during primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.

Concerted repression of an immunoglobulin heavy-chain enhancer, 3' alpha E(hs1,2).

Viral dynamics in hepatitis B virus infection.

Synthesis and targeted delivery of an azidothymidine homodinucleotide conferring protection to macrophages against retroviral infection.

Gene repression by the ferric uptake regulator in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: cycle selection of iron-regulated genes.

Purification and characterization of a luminal cholecystokinin-releasing factor from rat intestinal secretion.

Nuclear export of late HIV-1 mRNAs occurs via a cellular protein export pathway.

Heterometallic hybrids of homometallic human hemoglobins.

Chromogranin B (secretogranin I) promotes sorting to the regulated secretory pathway of processing intermediates derived from a peptide hormone precursor.

Escherichia coli trigger factor is a prolyl isomerase that associates with nascent polypeptide chains.

A methylated human 9-kb repetitive sequence on acrocentric chromosomes is homologous to a subtelomeric repeat in chimpanzees.

Local densities orthogonal to beta-sheet amide planes: patterns of packing in globular proteins.

Resistance of K-RasBV12 proteins to farnesyltransferase inhibitors in Rat1 cells.

The neck region of the myosin motor domain acts as a lever arm to generate movement.

Cell cycle-regulated binding of nuclear proteins to elements within a mouse H3.2 histone gene.

On signal sequence polymorphisms and diseases of distribution.

High-resolution physical mapping by combined Alu-hybridization/PCR screening: construction of a yeast artificial chromosome map covering 31 centimorgans in 3p21-p14.

Systemic versus cartilage-specific expression of a type II collagen-specific T-cell epitope determines the level of tolerance and susceptibility to arthritis.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 2-mediated inhibition of HIV type 1: a new approach to gene therapy of HIV-infection.

Peptide analogs to pathogenic epitopes of the human acetylcholine receptor alpha subunit as potential modulators of myasthenia gravis.

Normal human serum contains a natural IgM antibody cytotoxic for human neuroblastoma cells.

BCL2 regulates neural differentiation.

Toward a mechanism for GroEL.GroES chaperone activity: an ATPase-gated and -pulsed folding and annealing cage.

Treatment of a human breast cancer xenograft with an adenovirus vector containing an interferon gene results in rapid regression due to viral oncolysis and gene therapy.

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Plasmoviruses: nonviral/viral vectors for gene therapy.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Salzmann, J. L. Klatzmann, D. Meur, M. R. Noguiez-hellin, P.
Description	Author Affiliation: Noguiez-Hellin P ( Génopoïétic, Paris, France.);
Abstract	We have generated a chimeric gene transfer vector that combines the simplicity of plasmids with the infectivity and long-term expression of retroviruses. We replaced the env gene of a Moloney murine leukemia virus-derived provirus by a foreign gene, generating a plasmid that upon transfer to tumor cells generates noninfectious retroviral particles carrying the transgene. We added to this plasmid an independent expression cassette comprising a cytomegalovirus promoter, an amphotropic retroviral envelope, and a polyadenylylation signal from simian virus 40. These constructs were designed to minimize the risk of recombination generating replication-competent retroviruses. Their only region of homology is a 157-bp sequence with 53% identity. We show that the sole transfection of this plasmid in various cell lines generates infectious but defective retroviral particles capable of efficiently infecting and expressing the transgene. The formation of infectious particles allows the transgene propagation in vitro. Eight days after transfection in vitro, the proportion of cells expressing the transgene is increased by 10-60 times. There was no evidence of replication-competent retrovirus generation in these experiments. The intratumoral injection of this plasmid, but not of the control vector lacking the env gene, led to foci of transgene-expressing cells, suggesting that the transgene had propagated in situ. Altogether, these 'plasmoviruses' combine advantages of viral and non-viral vectors. They should be easy to produce in large quantity as clinical grade materials and should allow efficient and safe in situ targeting of tumor cells.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	9
Volume Number	93
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	1996-07-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Genetic Therapy Genetic Vectors Retroviridae Transfection Virus Replication 3T3 Cells Animals Antiviral Agents Toxicity Cell Line Cell Transformation, Neoplastic DNA Replication Drug Effects Deoxycytidine Analogs & Derivatives Metabolism Ganciclovir Genes, Env Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Genetics Neoplasms, Experimental Pathology Plasmids Proviruses Recombinant Proteins Biosynthesis Physiology Simplexvirus Enzymology Thymidine Kinase Beta-Galactosidase Comparative Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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