NDLI: The neural development and organization of letter recognition: evidence from functional neuroimaging, computational modeling, and behavioral studies.

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The neural development and organization of letter recognition: evidence from functional neuroimaging, computational modeling, and behavioral studies.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Farah, M. J. Polk, T. A.
Description	Author Affiliation: Polk TA ( Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 525 E. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1109, USA. tpolk@umich.edu);
Abstract	Although much of the brain's functional organization is genetically predetermined, it appears that some noninnate functions can come to depend on dedicated and segregated neural tissue. In this paper, we describe a series of experiments that have investigated the neural development and organization of one such noninnate function: letter recognition. Functional neuroimaging demonstrates that letter and digit recognition depend on different neural substrates in some literate adults. How could the processing of two stimulus categories that are distinguished solely by cultural conventions become segregated in the brain? One possibility is that correlation-based learning in the brain leads to a spatial organization in cortex that reflects the temporal and spatial clustering of letters with letters in the environment. Simulations confirm that environmental co-occurrence does indeed lead to spatial localization in a neural network that uses correlation-based learning. Furthermore, behavioral studies confirm one critical prediction of this co-occurrence hypothesis, namely, that subjects exposed to a visual environment in which letters and digits occur together rather than separately (postal workers who process letters and digits together in Canadian postal codes) do indeed show less behavioral evidence for segregated letter and digit processing.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	95
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	1998-03-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Brain Mapping Brain Physiology Neural Networks (Computer) Pattern Recognition, Visual Visual Perception Concept Formation Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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