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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Herrera, P. L. Harlan, D. M. Vassalli, P. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Herrera PL ( Department of Morphology, University of Geneva Medical School, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Pedro.Herrera@medecine.unige.ch); |
| Abstract | Double transgenic mice [rat insulin promoter (RIP)-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and RIP-CD80] whose pancreatic beta cells release TNF and bear CD80 all develop an acute early (6 wk) and lethal diabetes mediated by CD8 T cells. The first ultrastructural changes observed in beta cells, so far unreported, are focal lesions of endoplasmic reticulum swelling at the points of contact with islet-infiltrating lymphoblasts, followed by cytoplasmic, but not nuclear, apoptosis. Such double transgenic mice were made defective in either the perforin, Fas, or TNF pathways. Remarkably, diabetes was found to be totally independent of perforin and Fas. Mice lacking TNF receptor (TNFR) II had no or late diabetes, but only a minority had severe insulitis. Mice lacking the TNF-lymphotoxin (LTalpha) locus (whose sole source of TNF are the beta cells) all had insulitis comparable to that of nondefective mice, but no diabetes or a retarded and milder form, with lesions suggesting different mechanisms of injury. Because both TNFR II and TNF-LTalpha mutations have complex effects on the immune system, these data do not formally incriminate membrane TNF as the major T cell mediator of this acute autoimmune diabetes; nevertheless, in the absence of involvement of the perforin or Fas cytotoxic pathways, membrane TNF appears to be the likeliest candidate. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| Volume Number | 97 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2000-02-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Antigens, CD95 Genetics Autoimmunity Immunology CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes Diabetes Mellitus Membrane Glycoproteins Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Animals Antigens, CD Metabolism Antigens, CD80 Apoptosis Disease Models, Animal Fluorescent Antibody Technique Insulin Islets Of Langerhans Pathology Mice Mice, Knockout Mice, Transgenic Microscopy, Electron Pancreas Perforin Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins Promoter Regions, Genetic Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II Signal Transduction Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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