NDLI: Chloroplast protein and centrosomal genes, a tRNA intron, and odd telomeres in an unusually compact eukaryotic genome, the cryptomonad nucleomorph.

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Chloroplast protein and centrosomal genes, a tRNA intron, and odd telomeres in an unusually compact eukaryotic genome, the cryptomonad nucleomorph.

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Chloroplast protein and centrosomal genes, a tRNA intron, and odd telomeres in an unusually compact eukaryotic genome, the cryptomonad nucleomorph.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Wastl, J. Maier, U. G. Zauner, S. Douglas, S. Penny, S. Beaton, M. Cavalier-smith, T. Fraunholz, M.
Description	Author Affiliation: Zauner S ( Cell Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.);
Abstract	Cells of several major algal groups are evolutionary chimeras of two radically different eukaryotic cells. Most of these 'cells within cells' lost the nucleus of the former algal endosymbiont. But after hundreds of millions of years cryptomonads still retain the nucleus of their former red algal endosymbiont as a tiny relict organelle, the nucleomorph, which has three minute linear chromosomes, but their function and the nature of their ends have been unclear. We report extensive cryptomonad nucleomorph sequences (68.5 kb), from one end of each of the three chromosomes of Guillardia theta. Telomeres of the nucleomorph chromosomes differ dramatically from those of other eukaryotes, being repeats of the 23-mer sequence (AG)(7)AAG(6)A, not a typical hexamer (commonly TTAGGG). The subterminal regions comprising the rRNA cistrons and one protein-coding gene are exactly repeated at all three chromosome ends. Gene density (one per 0.8 kb) is the highest for any cellular genome. None of the 38 protein-coding genes has spliceosomal introns, in marked contrast to the chlorarachniophyte nucleomorph. Most identified nucleomorph genes are for gene expression or protein degradation; histone, tubulin, and putatively centrosomal ranbpm genes are probably important for chromosome segregation. No genes for primary or secondary metabolism have been found. Two of the three tRNA genes have introns, one in a hitherto undescribed location. Intergenic regions are exceptionally short; three genes transcribed by two different RNA polymerases overlap their neighbors. The reported sequences encode two essential chloroplast proteins, FtsZ and rubredoxin, thus explaining why cryptomonad nucleomorphs persist.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	97
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2000-02-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Centrosome Chimera Genetics Eukaryota Introns RNA, Transfer Telomere Algal Proteins Biological Evolution Cloning, Molecular Genes, Plant Genome Molecular Sequence Data Nucleic Acid Conformation Physical Chromosome Mapping Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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