NDLI: Macrophage are the principal reservoir and sustain high virus loads in rhesus macaques after the depletion of CD4+ T cells by a highly pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus/HIV type 1 chimera (SHIV): Implications for HIV-1 infections of humans.

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Macrophage are the principal reservoir and sustain high virus loads in rhesus macaques after the depletion of CD4+ T cells by a highly pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus/HIV type 1 chimera (SHIV): Implications for HIV-1 infections of humans.

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Macrophage are the principal reservoir and sustain high virus loads in rhesus macaques after the depletion of CD4+ T cells by a highly pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus/HIV type 1 chimera (SHIV): Implications for HIV-1 infections of humans.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Buckler-white, A. Martin, M. A. Brown, C. R. Hirsch, V. Igarashi, T. Endo, Y. Plishka, R. Bischofberger, N.
Description	Author Affiliation: Igarashi T ( Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0460, USA.);
Abstract	The highly pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus/HIV type 1 (SHIV) chimeric virus SHIV(DH12R) induces a systemic depletion of CD4(+) T lymphocytes in rhesus monkeys during the initial 3-4 weeks of infection. Nonetheless, high levels of viral RNA production continue unabated for an additional 2-5 months. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that tissue macrophage in the lymph nodes, spleen, gastrointestinal tract, liver, and kidney sustain high plasma virus loads in the absence of CD4(+) T cells. Quantitative confocal immunofluorescence analysis indicated that greater than 95% of the virus-producing cells in these tissues are macrophage and less than 2% are T lymphocytes. Interestingly, the administration of a potent reverse transcriptase inhibitor blocked virus production during the early T cell phase but not during the later macrophage phase of the SHIV(DH12R) infection. When interpreted in the context of HIV-1 infections, these results implicate tissue macrophage as an important reservoir of virus in vivo. They become infected during the acute infection, gradually increase in number over time, and can be a major contributor to total body virus burden during the symptomatic phase of the human infection.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	98
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2001-03-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	HIV Infections Virology HIV-1 Physiology Lentivirus Infections Macaca Mulatta Macrophages Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Adenine Analogs & Derivatives Pharmacology Animals Anti-HIV Agents CD4 Lymphocyte Count Chimera Digestive System Pathology Disease Progression Drug Resistance, Microbial Drug Effects Genetics Lymphoid Tissue Organ Specificity Organophosphonates RNA, Viral Blood Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Tenofovir Viral Load Virus Replication Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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