NDLI: Reprogramming of telomerase activity and rebuilding of telomere length in cloned cattle.

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Reprogramming of telomerase activity and rebuilding of telomere length in cloned cattle.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Westhusin, M. Bordignon, V. Betts, D. Winger, Q. Smith, L. King, W. Hill, J.
Description	Author Affiliation: Betts D ( Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1.);
Abstract	Nuclear reprogramming requires the removal of epigenetic modifications imposed on the chromatin during cellular differentiation and division. The mammalian oocyte can reverse these alterations to a state of totipotency, allowing the production of viable cloned offspring from somatic cell nuclei. To determine whether nuclear reprogramming is complete in cloned animals, we assessed the telomerase activity and telomere length status in cloned embryos, fetuses, and newborn offspring derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer. In this report, we show that telomerase activity was significantly (P < 0.05) diminished in bovine fibroblast donor cells compared with embryonic stem-like cells, and surprisingly was 16-fold higher in fetal fibroblasts compared with adult fibroblasts (P < 0.05). Cell passaging and culture periods under serum starvation conditions significantly decreased telomerase activity by approximately 30-50% compared with nontreated early passage cells (P < 0.05). Telomere shortening was observed during in vitro culture of bovine fetal fibroblasts and in very late passages of embryonic stem-like cells. Reprogramming of telomerase activity was apparent by the blastocyst stage of postcloning embryonic development, and telomere lengths were longer (15-23 kb) in cloned fetuses and offspring than the relatively short mean terminal restriction fragment lengths (14-18 kb) observed in adult donor cells. Overall, telomere lengths of cloned fetuses and newborn calves ( approximately 20 kb) were not significantly different from those of age-matched control animals (P > 0.05). These results demonstrate that cloned embryos inherit genomic modifications acquired during the donor nuclei's in vivo and in vitro period but are subsequently reversed during development of the cloned animal.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	98
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2001-02-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Cell Nucleus Physiology Cloning, Organism Nuclear Transfer Techniques Oocytes Telomerase Metabolism Telomere Animals Animals, Newborn Cells, Cultured Fertilization In Vitro Fetus Fibroblasts Cytology Stem Cells Genetics Ultrastructure Comparative Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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