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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Driggers, Edward M. Murrey, Heather E. Porton, Barbara Kalovidouris, Stacey A. Hsieh-wilson, Linda C. Gama, Cristal I. Luo, Wen-i |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Murrey HE ( Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.); |
| Abstract | Although fucose-alpha(1-2)-galactose [Fucalpha(1-2)Gal] carbohydrates have been implicated in cognitive processes such as long-term memory, the molecular mechanisms by which these sugars influence neuronal communication are not well understood. Here, we present molecular insights into the functions of Fucalpha(1-2)Gal sugars, demonstrating that they play a role in the regulation of synaptic proteins and neuronal morphology. We show that synapsins Ia and Ib, synapse-specific proteins involved in neurotransmitter release and synaptogenesis, are the major Fucalpha(1-2)Gal glycoproteins in mature cultured neurons and the adult rat hippocampus. Fucosylation has profound effects on the expression and turnover of synapsin in cells and protects synapsin from degradation by the calcium-activated protease calpain. Our studies suggest that defucosylation of synapsin has critical consequences for neuronal growth and morphology, leading to stunted neurite outgrowth and delayed synapse formation. We also demonstrate that Fucalpha(1-2)Gal carbohydrates are not limited to synapsin but are found on additional glycoproteins involved in modulating neuronal architecture. Together, our studies identify important roles for Fucalpha(1-2)Gal sugars in the regulation of neuronal proteins and morphological changes that may underlie synaptic plasticity. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| Volume Number | 103 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2006-01-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Disaccharides Metabolism Gene Expression Regulation Hippocampus Neurons Synapses Synapsins Animals Calpain Fucose Immunohistochemistry Mice Mice, Knockout Cytology Comparative Study Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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