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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Park, Joanna Ball, Louise M. Richardson, Stephen D. Zhu, Hong-Bo Aitken, Michael D. |
| Description | Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Park J ( Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Campus Box 7431, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7431, USA. jpark@ensr.aecom.com) |
| Abstract | Soils at hazardous waste sites contain complex mixtures of chemicals and often are difficult to characterize in terms of risk to human and ecological health. Over time, biogeochemical processes can decrease the apparent concentrations of pollutants but also can lead to accumulation of new products for which toxicity and behavior in the environment are largely unknown. A bioassay-directed fractionation technique was used to assess the contribution of redox-active bacterial metabolites to the toxicity of soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A reverse mutation assay with Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA/pKM101 (IC188) and E. coli WP2 uvrA oxyR/pKM101 (IC203) was used to screen fractions for genotoxicity. Strain IC203 carries the delta oxyR30 mutation, which prevents the expression of antioxidant proteins in response to oxidative stress and increases its reversion by compounds that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Polar fractions of PAH-contaminated soil extracts were mutagenic to strain IC203 but not to strain IC188, suggesting the involvement of ROS in genotoxicity. Genotoxic potencies ranged from 300 to 1700 revertants per milligram of fraction. Catalase was able to decrease IC203 reversion, implicating the involvement of hydrogen peroxide as a key ROS. Oxidized PAH compounds, including quinones, were identified in the mutagenic fractions but were not by themselves mutagenic. Deasphalted whole extracts and recombined fractions were not mutagenic, indicating that interactions between compounds in different fractions can mitigate genotoxicity. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 07307268 |
| Issue Number | 11 |
| Volume Number | 27 |
| e-ISSN | 15528618 |
| Journal | Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Wiley |
| Publisher Date | 2008-11-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural Soil Pollutants Toxicity Discipline Environmental Health Metals Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry Discipline Toxicology Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic Pharmacology Journal Article Antioxidants Mutagens Analysis Oxidation-reduction Discipline Chemistry Superoxide Dismutase |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis |
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