NDLI: Abnormal patellar loading may lead to femoral trochlear dysplasia: an experimental study of patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation in growing rats

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Tang, Shiyu Li, Weifeng Wang, Shengjie Wang, Fei
Abstract	Background This animal study aimed to explore the effects of patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation on the developing femoral trochlea. Methods Seventy-two 3-week-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups. The sham group (SG) underwent simple incision and suture of the skin and subcutaneous tissue; the patellar hypermobility group (PHG) underwent medial and lateral retinacular release and pie-crusting technique for the patellar ligament; the patellar dislocation group (PDG) underwent plication of the medial patellofemoral retinaculum. Twelve rats in each group were euthanized at 3 and 6 weeks postoperatively, respectively, and specimens were collected. The bony sulcus angle (BSA), cartilaginous sulcus angle (CSA), trochlear sulcus depth (TSD), and thickness of the cartilage on the lateral facet (CTL), medial facet (CTM), and center (CTC) of the trochlea were measured on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. Results In the PHG and PDG, the femoral condyles became blunt, the trochlear groove became shallower, and cartilage became thicker compared with the SG. Compared with the SG, the PHG and PDG had significantly larger BSA and CSA values at 3 (p < 0.05) and 6 weeks (p < 0.005), and a significantly shallower TSD (p < 0.05). At 3 weeks, all cartilage thicknesses in the PHG and the CTC and CTM in the PDG were significantly thinner than in the SG (PHG vs. SG: p = 0.009 for CTL, p < 0.001 for CTM, p = 0.003 for CTC; PDG vs. SG: p = 0.028 for CTC, p = 0.048 for CTM). At 6 weeks, the CTC was thicker in the PHG and PDG than the SG (PHG vs. SG: p = 0.044; PDG vs. SG: p = 0.027), and the CTL was thinner in the PDG than the SG (p = 0.044). Conclusion Patellar hypermobility and patellar dislocation may result in trochlear dysplasia that worsens with age. Excessive or insufficient loading leads to trochlear dysplasia.
Related Links	https://josr-online.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13018-023-03500-6.pdf
Ending Page	10
Page Count	10
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
DOI	10.1186/s13018-023-03500-6
Journal	Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	18
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2023-01-16
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Orthopedics Surgical Orthopedics Femoral trochlear dysplasia Patellar hypermobility Patellar dislocation Loading Rat
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Surgery Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Journal Impact Factor	2.8/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3/2023

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