NDLI: Assessing the impact of telehealth on blood glucose management among patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Getie, Addisu Amlak, Baye Tsegaye Ayenew, Temesgen Gedfew, Mihretie
Abstract	Introduction The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellites (DM), especially type 2 diabetes mellitus, presents significant challenges for healthcare systems. Effective blood glucose management is essential for preventing serious complications, and telehealth offers a promising approach to improve patient engagement and adherence. The effectiveness of telehealth on blood glucose management should be investigated. The evaluated metric for diabetes management plans in this study was the change in blood glucose levels, specifically HbA1c, as an indicator of glycemic control. The impact of telehealth interventions on these outcomes was analyzed across various patient groups. This review conducts a comprehensive analysis of the current literature to offer insights that can guide clinical practices and inform policymakers about the advantages of telehealth in managing diabetes. Methods In this study, several evidence-based databases and relevant clinical trial registries were searched to evaluate the effects of telehealth on blood glucose management among patients with diabetes. The included studies were randomized controlled trials that compared telehealth with traditional in-person management. Microsoft Excel was used to extract and sort the data before it was exported to STATA/MP 17.0 for analysis. A weighted inverse variance random-effects model with a 95% confidence interval was employed to pool the data. Egger's test and Cochrane I2 statistics were used to assess publication bias and heterogeneity, respectively. Result This review identified six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving a total of 3,995 patients, with 2,022 in the telehealth intervention group and 1,973 in the control group, conducted across the USA, Asia, and Europe. The analysis showed a significant improvement in blood glucose control for patients using telehealth, evidenced by a Standard Mean Difference (SMD) of 0.20 (95% CI: 0.10–0.29; p < 0.001), with USA studies reflecting the highest SMD of 0.24 and diabetic veterans showing an even greater SMD of 0.41. Conclusion and recommendations This study demonstrates that telehealth interventions significantly enhance blood glucose management among patients with diabetes. The findings highlight the need for healthcare systems to prioritize telehealth integration into diabetes management protocols while developing tailored interventions to meet the diverse needs of various patient populations.
Related Links	https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12913-025-12401-9.pdf
Ending Page	11
Page Count	11
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14726963
DOI	10.1186/s12913-025-12401-9
Journal	BMC Health Services Research
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	25
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2025-02-20
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Public Health Health Administration Health Informatics Nursing Research Telehealth Diabetes mellitus Blood glucose HbA1c Systematic review Meta-analysis
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Health Policy

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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