NDLI: Thyroid Hormone Signaling in Oligodendrocytes: from Extracellular Transport to Intracellular Signal

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Lee, Jae Young Petratos, Steven
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Thyroid hormone plays an important role in central nervous system (CNS) development, including the myelination of variable axonal calibers. It is well-established that thyroid hormone is required for the terminal differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) into myelinating oligodendrocytes by inducing rapid cell-cycle arrest and constant transcription of pro-differentiation genes. This is well supported by the hypomyelinating phenotypes exhibited by patients with congenital hypothyroidism, cretinism. During development, myelinating oligodendrocytes only appear after the formation of neural circuits, indicating that the timing of oligodendrocyte differentiation is important. Since fetal and post-natal serum thyroid hormone levels peak at the stage of active myelination, it is suspected that the timing of oligodendrocyte development is finely controlled by thyroid hormone. The essential machinery for thyroid hormone signaling such as deiodinase activity (utilized by cells to auto-regulate the level of thyroid hormone), and nuclear thyroid hormone receptors (for gene transcription) are expressed on oligodendrocytes. In this review, we discuss the known and potential thyroid hormone signaling pathways that may regulate oligodendrocyte development and CNS myelination. Moreover, we evaluate the potential of targeting thyroid hormone signaling for white matter injury or disease.
Starting Page	6568
Ending Page	6583
Page Count	16
File Format	PDF
ISSN	08937648
Journal	Molecular Neurobiology
Volume Number	53
Issue Number	9
e-ISSN	15591182
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2016-07-18
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Thyroid hormone Oligodendrocyte Myelination Thyroid hormone transport Neurosciences Neurobiology Cell Biology Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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