NDLI: Dehydroascorbic Acid Promotes Cell Death in Neurons Under Oxidative Stress: a Protective Role for Astrocytes

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	García Krauss, Andrea Ferrada, Lucia Astuya, Allisson Salazar, Katterine Cisternas, Pedro Martínez, Fernando Ramírez, Eder Nualart, Francisco
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Ascorbic acid (AA), the reduced form of vitamin C, is incorporated into neurons via the sodium ascorbate co-transporter SVCT2. However, this transporter is not expressed in astrocytes, which take up the oxidized form of vitamin C, dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), via the facilitative hexose transporter GLUT1. Therefore, neuron and astrocyte interactions are thought to mediate vitamin C recycling in the nervous system. Although astrocytes are essential for the antioxidant defense of neurons under oxidative stress, a condition in which a large amount of ROS is generated that may favor the extracellular oxidation of AA and the subsequent neuronal uptake of DHA via GLUT3, potentially increasing oxidative stress in neurons. This study analyzed the effects of oxidative stress and DHA uptake on neuronal cell death in vitro. Different analyses revealed the presence of the DHA transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3 in Neuro2a and HN33.11 cells and in cortical neurons. Kinetic analyses confirmed that all cells analyzed in this study possess functional GLUTs that take up 2-deoxyglucose and DHA. Thus, DHA promotes the death of stressed neuronal cells, which is reversed by incubating the cells with cytochalasin B, an inhibitor of DHA uptake by GLUT1 and GLUT3. Additionally, the presence of glial cells (U87 and astrocytes), which promote DHA recycling, reverses the observed cell death of stressed neurons. Taken together, these results indicate that DHA promotes the death of stressed neurons and that astrocytes are essential for the antioxidative defense of neurons. Thus, the astrocyte-neuron interaction may function as an essential mechanism for vitamin C recycling, participating in the antioxidative defense of the brain.
Starting Page	5847
Ending Page	5863
Page Count	17
File Format	PDF
ISSN	08937648
Journal	Molecular Neurobiology
Volume Number	53
Issue Number	9
e-ISSN	15591182
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2015-10-26
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Ascorbic acid Dehydroascorbic acid Neuron Astrocyte Cell death Recycling Oxidative stress Neurosciences Neurobiology Cell Biology Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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