NDLI: Inhibition of Ca2+ Channels and Adrenal Catecholamine Release by G Protein Coupled Receptors

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Currie, Kevin P. M.
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	Catecholamines and other transmitters released from adrenal chromaffin cells play central roles in the “fight-or-flight” response and exert profound effects on cardiovascular, endocrine, immune, and nervous system function. As such, precise regulation of chromaffin cell exocytosis is key to maintaining normal physiological function and appropriate responsiveness to acute stress. Chromaffin cells express a number of different G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) that sense the local environment and orchestrate this precise control of transmitter release. The primary trigger for catecholamine release is Ca2+ entry through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, so it makes sense that these channels are subject to complex regulation by GPCRs. In particular G protein βγ heterodimers (Gβγ) bind to and inhibit Ca2+ channels. Here I review the mechanisms by which GPCRs inhibit Ca2+ channels in chromaffin cells and how this might be altered by cellular context. This is related to the potent autocrine inhibition of Ca2+ entry and transmitter release seen in chromaffin cells. Recent data that implicate an additional inhibitory target of Gβγ on the exocytotic machinery and how this might fine tune neuroendocrine secretion are also discussed.
Starting Page	1201
Ending Page	1208
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	02724340
Journal	Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology
Volume Number	30
Issue Number	8
e-ISSN	15736830
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2010-11-09
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Chromaffin Calcium channel G protein Exocytosis Secretion Catecholamine GPCR Neurobiology Cell Biology Neurosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Medicine Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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