Please wait, while we are loading the content...
Please wait, while we are loading the content...
| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Al Charideh, A. Kattaa, B. |
| Copyright Year | 2015 |
| Abstract | The Regional Deep Cretaceous Aquifer (RDCA) is the principal groundwater resource in Syria. Isotope and hydrochemical data have been used to evaluate the geographic zones in terms of renewable and non-renewable groundwater and the inter-relation between current and past recharge. The chemical and isotopic character of groundwater together with radiometric $^{14}$C data reflect the existence of three different groundwater groups: (1) renewable groundwater, in RDCA outcropping areas, in western Syria along the Coastal and Anti-Lebanon mountains. The mean δ$^{18}$O value (−7.2 ‰) is similar to modern precipitation with higher $^{14}$C values (up to 60–80 pmc), implying younger groundwater (recent recharge); (2) semi-renewable groundwater, which is located in the unconfined section of the RDCA and parallel to the first zone. The mean δ$^{18}$O value (−7.0 ‰) is also similar to modern precipitation with a $^{14}$C range of 15–45 pmc; (3) non-renewable groundwater found in most of the Syrian interior, where the RDCA becomes confined. A considerable depletion in δ$^{18}$O (−8.0 ‰) relative to the modern rainfall and low values of $^{14}$C (<15 pmc) suggest that the large masses of deep groundwater are non-renewable and related to an older recharge period. The wide scatter of all data points around the two meteoric lines in the δ$^{18}$O-δ$^{2}$H diagram indicates considerable variation in recharge conditions. There is limited renewable groundwater in the mountain area, and most of the stored deep groundwater in the RDCA is non-renewable, with corrected $^{14}$C ages varying between 10 and 35 Kyr BP.L’aquifère régional crétacé profond (ARCP) constitue la principale ressource en eaux souterraines en Syrie. Les données isotopiques et hydrochimiques ont été utilisées pour évaluer les zones géographiques en termes d’eaux souterraines renouvelables et non-renouvelables et caractériser l’interrelation entre la recharge actuelle et passée. Le caractère chimique et isotopique des eaux souterraines ainsi que les données radiométriques du $^{14}$C reflètent l’existence de trois groupes différents d’eau souterraine: (1) les eaux souterraines renouvelables, dans les zones d’affleurement de l’ARCP, dans l’ouest de la Syrie le long des montagnes côtières et de l’Anti-Liban. La valeur moyenne du δ$^{18}$O (−7.2 ‰) est similaire à la valeur des précipitations modernes avec des valeurs plus élevées de $^{14}$C (jusqu’à 60–80 pmc), impliquant des eaux souterraines plus jeunes (recharge récente); (2) de eaux souterraines semi-renouvelables, qui sont situées dans la section libre de l’ARCP et parallèle à la première zone. La valeur moyenne du δ$^{18}$O moyenne (−7.0 ‰) est également similaire à celle des précipitations modernes avec une gamme du $^{14}$C de 15–45 pmc; (3) les eaux souterraines non renouvelables trouvées dans la plupart de l’intérieur du pays, où l’aquifère ARCP devient captif. Un appauvrissement considérable du δ$^{18}$O (−8.0 ‰) par rapport à la pluviométrie actuelle et de faibles valeurs du $^{14}$C (<15 pmc) suggèrent que de grandes masses d’eau souterraine profondeur ne sont pas renouvelables et liées à une période de recharge plus ancienne. La grande dispersion de tous les points de données autour des deux lignes météoriques dans le diagramme δ$^{18}$O-δ$^{2}$H indique des variations considérables dans les conditions de recharge. Il existe des eaux souterraines renouvelables limitées au niveau des zones de montagne, et la plupart des eaux souterraines profondes stockées dans l’aquifère ARCP est non renouvelable, avec des âges déterminés au $^{14}$C corrigées variant entre 10 et 35000 ans avant le présent.El Acuífero Regional Profundo del Cretácico (RDCA) es el principal recurso de agua subterránea en Siria. Se usaron los datos hidroquímicos e isotópicos para evaluar zona geográficas en términos de agua subterránea renovable y no renovable y la interrelación entre la recarga actual y pasada. El carácter isotópico y químico del agua subterránea junto con los datos radiométricos de $^{14}$C reflejan la existencia de tres grupos diferentes de agua subterránea: (1) Agua subterránea renovable, en el área de afloramientos del RDCA, en el oeste de Siria a lo largo de las montañas costeras y Anti-Lebanon. El valor medio de δ$^{18}$O (−7.2 ‰) es similar a la precipitación actual con valores más altos de $^{14}$C (hasta 60–80 pmc), lo que implica agua subterránea más joven (recarga reciente); (2) Agua subterránea semi-renovable, que está ubicada en la sección no confinada del RDCA y paralela a primera zona. El valor medio de δ$^{18}$O (−7.0 ‰) es también similar a la precipitación actual con un rango de $^{14}$C de 15–45 pmc; (3) Agua subterránea no renovable encontrada en la mayor parte del interior de Siria, donde el RDCA se convierte en confinado. Una considerable disminución en δ$^{18}$O (−8.0 ‰) en relación con la precipitación actual y valores bajos de $^{14}$C (<15 pmc) sugieren que las grandes masas del agua subterránea no son renovables y están relacionadas a un período de recarga antiguo. La amplia dispersión de todos los puntos alrededor de las dos líneas meteórica en el diagrama de δ$^{18}$O-δ$^{2}$H indican una considerable variación en las condiciones de recarga. Existe una limitada cantidad de agua subterránea renovable en el área montañosa, y la mayor parte del agua profunda almacenada en el RDCA es no renovable, con edades corregidas de $^{14}$C variables entre 10 y 35 Kaños AP.تشكل الطبقة المائية الإقليمية العميقة للكريتاسي (Regional Deep Cretaceous Aquifer, RDCA) المورد الرئيسي للمياه الجوفية في سوريا. تم استخدام بيانات النظائر والهيدروكيمياء لتقييم المناطق الجغرافية من حيث المياه الجوفية المتجددة وغير المتجددة والعلاقة بين التغذية الحالية والقديمة. تعكس الخصائص النظائرية والكيميائية للمياه الجوفية والمترافقة مع بيانات الفعالية الإشعاعية للكربون-14 وجود ثلاثة مجموعات مائية مختلفة: (1) وجدت المياه الجوفية المتجددة في مناطق تكشفات RDCA، غرب سورية على طول الجبال الساحلية ولبنان الشرقية. القيمة الوسطية لـ δ$^{18}$O (−7.2‰) مماثلة لمحتوى النظائر في الأمطار الحديثة مع قيم عالية للكربون-14 (pmc 60–80)، مما يعني وجود مياه جوفية حديثة (تغذية حديثة)، (2) وجدت المياه الجوفية نصف المتجددة في القسم غير المضغوط من RDCA وتقع بشكل مساير للنطاق الأول. القيمة الوسطية لـ (−7.0‰) δ$^{18}$O مماثلة أيضا لمحتوى الأمطار الحديثة مع قيم متغيرة للكربون-14 بين pmc 15–45 ، (3)وجدت المياه الجوفية غير المتجددة في معظم الداخل السوري حيث تصبح الطبقة المائية مضغوطة. يشير النضوب المعتبر في محتوى (−8.0 ‰) δ$^{18}$O بالنسبة إلى الأمطار الحديثة والقيم المنخفضة للكربون -14 < pmc) 15) إلى أن القسم الأعظم من هذه المياه العميقة غير متجدد وقد تم تغذيته في فترات قديمة. تشير قرينة التبعثر الواسع لنقاط البيانات حول خطي الهطول العالميين في العلاقة δ$^{18}$O-δ$^{2}$H إلى التفاوت الكبير في ظروف التغذية. المياه الجوفية المتجددة مقتصرة على المنطقة الجبلية، ومعظم المخزون الجوفي للمياه العميقة في RDCA غير متجدد مع أعمار مياه جوفية مصححة تتراوح ما بين 10إلى 35 ألف سنة قبل الآن.区域深层白垩系含水层是叙利亚的主要地下水水源。利用同位素和水化学资料评估了可更新和不可更新地下水方面的地理带及目前补给和过去补给之间的相互关系。地下水的化学和同位素特征连同放射性14C资料显示存在着三种不同的地下水:(1)可更新地下水,在沿海和前黎巴嫩山叙利亚西部区域深层白垩系含水层出露区。δ18O平均值(−7.2 ‰)与14C值较高(达到60-80 pmc)的现在降水类似,表明是较年轻的地下水(最近补给的水);(2)可半更新地下水,位于区域深层白垩系含水层的非承压区,与前面的区域平行。δ18O平均值(−7.0 ‰)也与14C值为15–45 pmc的现在降水类似;(3)不可更新的地下水,在叙利亚内陆的大部分地区,在此区域深层白垩系含水层为承压状体。现在降雨中δ18O的大量损耗和较低的14C值(<15 pmc) 表明,大多数深层地下水是不可更新的,并与较老的补给期有关。δ18O-δ2H图中两个大气线附近所有资料点非常分散表明补给条件变化很大。在山区可更新的地下水有限,大部分储藏在区域深层白垩系含水层的深层地下水是不可更新的地下水,校正的14C年龄在距今10至35千年之间。O Aquífero Cretáceo Regional Profundo (ACRP) é a principal fonte de águas subterrâneas na Síria. Dados isotópicos e hidroquímicos vem sendo usados para avaliar zonas geográficas em termos de águas subterrâneas renováveis e não renováveis e a inter-relação entre a recarga atual e a recarga passada. O caráter químico e isotópico das águas subterrâneas junto com os dados radiométricos $^{14}$C refletem a existência de 3 grupos diferentes de água subterrânea: (1) águas subterrâneas renováveis, em áreas de afloramento do ACRP, no oeste da Síria, ao longo da costa e as montanhas do Líbano. O valor médio δ$^{18}$O (−7.2 ‰) é similar ao da precipitação moderna e os valores maiores de $^{14}$C (acima de 60–80 pmc) implicando água subterrânea mais jovem (recarga recente); (2) águas subterrâneas semirenováveis que estão localizadas na seção não confinada no ACRP e paralela a primeira zona. O valor médio δ$^{18}$O (−7.0 ‰) também é similar ao da precipitação moderna com $^{14}$C na faixa de 15–45 pmc; (3) águas subterrâneas não renováveis encontradas na maior parte do interior sírio, onde o ACRP é confinado. Uma depleção considerável no δ$^{18}$O (8.0 ‰) relativamente à precipitação moderna e valores baixos de $^{14}$C (<15 pmc) sugerem que as grandes massas de águas subterrâneas profundas são não renováveis e relacionada a períodos de recarga mais antigas. A grande dispersão de todos os pontos de dados em volta de duas linhas meteóricas no digrama δ$^{18}$O-δ$^{2}$H indica variação considerável nas condições de recarga. Há águas subterrâneas limitada na região montanhosa, e a maioria da água armazenada profundamente no ACRP é não renovável, com idades de $^{14}$C corrigidas variam entre 10 e 35 mil anos AP. |
| Starting Page | 79 |
| Ending Page | 98 |
| Page Count | 20 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 14312174 |
| Journal | Hydrogeology Journal |
| Volume Number | 24 |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| e-ISSN | 14350157 |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| Publisher Date | 2015-10-26 |
| Publisher Institution | International Association of Hydrogeologists |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Deep groundwater Stable isotopes Renewable/non-renewable groundwater Paleohydrology Syria Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources Geology Water Quality/Water Pollution Geophysics/Geodesy Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology |
National Digital Library of India (NDLI) is a virtual repository of learning resources which is not just a repository with search/browse facilities but provides a host of services for the learner community. It is sponsored and mentored by Ministry of Education, Government of India, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT). Filtered and federated searching is employed to facilitate focused searching so that learners can find the right resource with least effort and in minimum time. NDLI provides user group-specific services such as Examination Preparatory for School and College students and job aspirants. Services for Researchers and general learners are also provided. NDLI is designed to hold content of any language and provides interface support for 10 most widely used Indian languages. It is built to provide support for all academic levels including researchers and life-long learners, all disciplines, all popular forms of access devices and differently-abled learners. It is designed to enable people to learn and prepare from best practices from all over the world and to facilitate researchers to perform inter-linked exploration from multiple sources. It is developed, operated and maintained from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur.
Learn more about this project from here.
NDLI is a conglomeration of freely available or institutionally contributed or donated or publisher managed contents. Almost all these contents are hosted and accessed from respective sources. The responsibility for authenticity, relevance, completeness, accuracy, reliability and suitability of these contents rests with the respective organization and NDLI has no responsibility or liability for these. Every effort is made to keep the NDLI portal up and running smoothly unless there are some unavoidable technical issues.
Ministry of Education, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT), has sponsored and funded the National Digital Library of India (NDLI) project.
| Sl. | Authority | Responsibilities | Communication Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education |
Sanctioning Authority | https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives |
| 2 | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project | https://www.iitkgp.ac.in |
| 3 | National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project | Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in |
| 4 | Project PI / Joint PI | Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project |
Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon |
| 5 | Website/Portal (Helpdesk) | Queries regarding NDLI and its services | support@ndl.gov.in |
| 6 | Contents and Copyright Issues | Queries related to content curation and copyright issues | content@ndl.gov.in |
| 7 | National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club) | Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach | clubsupport@ndl.gov.in |
| 8 | Digital Preservation Centre (DPC) | Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books | dpc@ndl.gov.in |
| 9 | IDR Setup or Support | Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops | idr@ndl.gov.in |
|
Loading...
|