NDLI: Developing conceptual hydrogeological model for Potsdam sandstones in southwestern Quebec, Canada

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Nastev, M. Morin, R. Godin, R. Rouleau, A.
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	A hydrogeological study was conducted in Potsdam sandstones on the international border between Canada (Quebec) and the USA (New York). Two sandstone formations, arkose and conglomerate (base) and well-cemented quartz arenite (upper), underlie the study area and form the major regional aquifer unit. Glacial till, littoral sand and gravel, and marine silt and clay discontinuously overlie the aquifer. In both sandstone formations, sub-horizontal bedding planes are ubiquitous and display significant hydraulic conductivities that are orders of magnitude more permeable than the intact rock matrix. Aquifer tests demonstrate that the two formations have similar bulk hydrologic properties, with average hydraulic conductivities ranging from 2 × 10$^{−5}$ to 4 × 10$^{−5}$ m/s. However, due to their different lithologic and structural characteristics, these two sandstones impose rather different controls on groundwater flow patterns in the study area. Flow is sustained through two types of fracture networks: sub-horizontal, laterally extensive fractures in the basal sandstone, where hydraulic connectivity is very good horizontally but very poor vertically and each of the water-bearing bedding planes can be considered as a separate planar two-dimensional aquifer unit; and the more fractured and vertically jointed system found in the upper sandstone that promotes a more dispersed, three-dimensional movement of groundwater.Une étude hydrogéologique a été entreprise dans les grès de Potsdam, sur la frontière entre le Canada (Québec) et les Etats-Unis (New York). Sous le secteur d’étude, deux formations gréseuses, les arkoses et conglomérats (base) et les arénites quartzeuses cimentées (sommet), forment une unité aquifère majeure à l’échelle régionale. Les moraines glaciaires, les sables et graviers littoraux, et les argiles et silts marins recouvrent l’aquifère de manière discontinue. Dans les deux formations gréseuses, les litages sub-horizontaux sont omniprésents, et présentent des conductivités hydrauliques significatives, supérieures de plusieurs ordres de grandeur à celles de la matrice rocheuse intacte. Les pompages d’essai démontrent que les deux formations ont des propriétés hydrologiques apparentes comparables, avec notamment des conductivités hydrauliques comprises entre 2 × 10$^{−5}$ et 4 × 10$^{−5}$ m/s. Cependant, du fait de leurs lithologies et de leurs caractéristiques structurales contrastées, ces deux formations gréseuses imposent des contrôles différents sur les écoulements souterrains dans le secteur d’étude. L’écoulement est soutenu par deux types de réseaux de fractures : des fractures latéralement extensives sub-horizontales dans les grès de base, où la connectivité hydraulique est très bonne horizontalement mais médiocre verticalement, et où chacun des plans aquifères peut être considéré comme une unité aquifère isolée plane bidimensionnelle, et un système fissuré verticalement et plus fracturé situé dans les grès supérieurs, qui favorise des écoulements souterrains tridimensionnels et plus dispersés.Se realizó un estudio hidrogeológico en las areniscas Potsdam sobre el límite internacional entre Canadá (Quebec) y Estados Unidos de América (Nueva York). Dos formaciones de arenisca, arkosa y conglomerado (en la base) y arenita de cuarzo bien cementada (en la cima), componen el área de estudio y forman la principal unidad regional de acuífero. Conglomerado glacial, grava y arena litoral, y arcilla y limo marino sobreyacen discordantemente el acuífero. En ambas formaciones de arenisca existen abundantes planos de estratificación subhorizontales que muestran conductividades hidráulicas significativas que son varios órdenes de magnitud más permeables que la matriz de roca intacta. Las pruebas de acuífero demuestran que las dos formaciones tienen propiedades hidrológicas globales similares, con conductividades hidráulicas promedio que varían de 2 × 10$^{−5}$ a 4 × 10$^{−5}$ m/s. Sin embargo, debido a diferencias litológicas y características estructurales, estas dos areniscas imponen controles muy distintos en los patrones de flujo de agua subterránea en el área de estudio. El flujo es sostenido a través de dos tipos de redes de fracturas: fracturas subhorizontales lateralmente extensivas en la arenisca basal, donde la conectividad hidráulica es muy buena horizontalmente pero muy pobre verticalmente y cada uno de los planos de estratificación acuíferos puede ser considerado como una unidad acuífero en 2 dimensiones plana y separada; y el sistema de fracturas verticales que se encuentra en la arenisca superior que promueve un movimiento de agua subterránea más disperso en 3 dimensiones.
Starting Page	373
Ending Page	388
Page Count	16
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	16
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2008-01-10
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Canada Sedimentary rocks Conceptual models Geophysical methods Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Geology Hydrogeology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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