NDLI: $^{87}$Sr/$^{86}$Sr ratio: a natural tracer to monitor groundwater flow paths during artificial recharge in the Bangkok area, Thailand

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Klaus, Janina S. Hansen, Bent T. Buapeng, Somkid
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	The aquifer system in the Thon Buri sedimentary basin below the deltaic flood plain of the Chao Phraya River, central Thailand, has been exploited for public water supply for the capital Bangkok since the early 1920s. Groundwater withdrawal, currently 1.4 million m$^{3}$/d, has resulted in a maximum decline in hydraulic head of up to 40 m. This has induced land subsidence of as much as 1.7 m (1940–1992) in the eastern suburbs of the metropolis. Artificial injection of purified water within an area-wide network of recharge wells could constitute a remedy to slow the water level depression within the sedimentary basin, and thus the subsidence. This requires a prior shutdown of water withdrawal. The flow paths of the injected water can be traced by changes in the $^{87}$Sr/$^{86}$Sr ratio of the groundwater and injected water mixture within the three main aquifers in the basin that are used for public supply. The ratios, monitored at five monitoring stations within the cone of depression, have been constant over 3 years. Injection of the calculated cone volume of 5.2 × 10$^{9}$ m$^{3}$ would take at least 10 years, depending on the injection pressure and the number and position of wells.Le système aquifère du bassin sédimentaire de Thon Buri sous la plaine d’inondation du delta de la rivière Chao Phraya, au centre de la Thaïlande, a été exploité pour l’alimentation publique en eau de la capitale Bangkok depuis les années 1920. L’exploitation de l’eau souterraine, pour l’instant 1.4 million de m$^{3}$/j, a conduit à une diminution maximum de 40 mètres de la charge hydraulique. Ceci a induit un effondrement du niveau du sol suburbain dans la partie est de la métropole. L’injection artificielle d’eau traitée dans un réseau de puits de recharge à l’échelle de la zone pourrait constituer un remède pour ralentir la dépression dans le bassin sédimentaire, et donc également l’effondrement des sols. Ceci nécessite un arrêt préliminaire du prélèvement de l’eau. Les trajets de l’écoulement des eaux injectées peut être tracé en suivant les changements du rapport $^{87}$Sr/$^{86}$Sr de l’eau souterraine et du mélange des eaux injectées dans les trois principaux aquifères du bassin, utilisés pour l’alimentation publique. Les rapports, suivis dans cinq stations de surveillance dans le cône de rabattement, sont restés constants durant 3 années. L’injection du volume du cône de rabattement, soit 5.2 × 10$^{9}$ m$^{3}$, prendrait au moins 10 ans, selon la pression de l’injection et le nombre et la position des puits.El sistema acuífero en la cuenca sedimentaria de Thon Buri, debajo de la llanura de inundación deltaica del Río Chao Phraya, Tailandia central, se ha explotado para el suministro público de agua en la capital Bangkok, desde los comienzos de 1920s. La extracción de agua subterránea, actualmente 1.4 millones de m$^{3}$/d, ha producido un declive máximo en la cabeza hidráulica hasta de 40 m. Esto ha inducido la subsidencia del terreno tanto como 1.7 m (1940–1992), en los suburbios orientales de la metrópoli. La inyección artificial de agua purificada dentro de una red amplia de pozos de recarga, podría constituir una corrección para retardar la depresión del nivel del agua, dentro de la cuenca sedimentaria, y así mismo la subsidencia. Esto requiere una suspensión previa de la extracción de agua. Las direcciones de flujo del agua inyectada pueden ser seguidas por los cambios en la proporción $^{87}$Sr/$^{86}$Sr del agua subterránea y de la mezcla de agua inyectada, dentro de los tres acuíferos principales en la cuenca que se usa para el suministro público. Las proporciones, monitoreadas en cinco estaciones para este fin, dentro del cono de depresión, han sido constantes por más de 3 años. La inyección del volumen del cono calculado de 5.2 × 10$^{9}$ m$^{3}$, tomaría 10 años por lo menos, dependiendo de la presión de inyección y del número y posición de los pozos.
Starting Page	745
Ending Page	758
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	15
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2007-03-21
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Bangkok Subsidence Strontium Tracer tests Artificial recharge Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Geology Hydrogeology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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