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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | O’Dwyer, Jean Hynds, Paul Pot, Matthieu Adley, Catherine C. Ryan, Michael P. |
| Copyright Year | 2017 |
| Abstract | Antibiotic-resistant (pathogenic and non-pathogenic) organisms and genes are now acknowledged as significant emerging aquatic contaminants with potentially adverse human and ecological health impacts, and thus require monitoring. This study is the first to investigate levels of resistance among Irish groundwater (private wells) samples; Escherichia coli isolates were examined against a panel of commonly prescribed human and veterinary therapeutic antibiotics, followed by determination of the causative factors of resistance. Overall, 42 confirmed E. coli isolates were recovered from a groundwater-sampling cohort. Resistance to the human panel of antibiotics was moderate; nine (21.4%) E. coli isolates demonstrated resistance to one or more human antibiotics. Conversely, extremely high levels of resistance to veterinary antibiotics were found, with all isolates presenting resistance to one or more veterinary antibiotics. Particularly high levels of resistance (93%) were found with respect to the aminoglycoside class of antibiotics. Results of statistical analysis indicate a significant association between the presence of human (multiple) antibiotic resistance (p = 0.002–0.011) and both septic tank density and the presence of vulnerable sub-populations (<5 years). For the veterinary antibiotics, results point to a significant relationship (p = <0.001) between livestock (cattle) density and the prevalence of multiple antibiotic resistant E. coli. Groundwater continues to be an important resource in Ireland, particularly in rural areas; thus, results of this preliminary study offer a valuable insight into the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in the hydrogeological environment and establish a need for further research with a larger geological diversity.Les organismes et les gènes (pathogènes et non pathogènes) résistants aux antibiotiques sont maintenant reconnus comme des contaminants aquatiques émergeants importants, avec des impacts potentiellement préjudiciables à la santé de l’homme et à l’environnement et qui exigent donc une surveillance. La présente étude est la première à explorer les niveaux de résistance sur des échantillons d’eau souterraine (puits privés) en Irlande; les isolats d’Escherichia coli ont été confrontés à l’éventail des antibiotiques communément prescrits en thérapeutique humaine et vétérinaire, suivi par la détermination des facteurs causaux de résistance. Au total, 42 isolats avérés d’E.coli ont été découverts dans la cohorte d’un échantillonnage d’eau souterraine. La résistance à l’ensemble des antibiotiques à usage humain est modérée; neuf (21.4%) des isolats d’E.coli ont montré une résistance à un ou plusieurs antibiotiques humains. Par contre, des niveaux extrêmement élevés de résistance aux antibiotiques à usage vétérinaire ont été constatés, avec des isolats présentant tous une résistance à un ou plusieurs antibiotiques vétérinaires. Des niveaux particulièrement élevés de résistance (93%) ont été trouvés en ce qui concerne la classe aminoglycoside d’antibiotiques. Les résultats de l’analyse statistique indiquent une association significative entre la présence d’une antibiorésistance humaine (multiple) (p = 0.002–0.011) et tant pour la densité de fosses septiques que pour la présence de sous-populations vulnérables (<5ans). Pour les antibiotiques vétérinaires, les résultats mettent l’accent sur une relation significative (p = <0.001) entre la densité du cheptel (bovins) et la prévalence d’un E.coli multi-antibiorésistant. L’eau souterraine constitue toujours une ressource importante en Irlande, particulièrement dans les zones rurales; les résultats de cette étude préliminaire offrent donc un éclairage précieux sur la prévalence de la résistance antibiotique dans l’environnement hydrogéologique et prouvent la nécessité de recherches nouvelles, associées à une plus grande diversité géologique.Los organismos y genes resistentes a los antibióticos (patógenos y no patógenos) son ahora reconocidos como contaminantes acuáticos emergentes significativos con impactos potencialmente adversos para la salud humana y ecológica, por lo que requieren un monitoreo. Este estudio es el primero en investigar los niveles de resistencia entre las muestras irlandesas de agua subterránea (pozos privados). Se examinaron los aislamientos de Escherichia coli contra un panel de antibióticos terapéuticos humanos y veterinarios comúnmente prescritos, seguido de la determinación de los factores causales de resistencia. En total, se recuperaron 42 cepas de E. coli confirmadas de una cohorte de muestreo de agua subterránea. La resistencia al panel humano de antibióticos fue moderada; nueve (21.4%) aislamientos de E. coli demostraron resistencia a uno o más antibióticos humanos. Por el contrario, se encontraron niveles extremadamente altos de resistencia a antibióticos veterinarios, con todos los aislamientos que presentaban resistencia a uno o más antibióticos veterinarios. Se encontraron niveles particularmente altos de resistencia (93%) con respecto a la clase de antibióticos aminoglucósidos. Los resultados del análisis estadístico indican una asociación significativa entre la resistencia humana (múltiple) a los antibióticos (p = 0.002–0.011) y la densidad de fosas sépticas y la presencia de subpoblaciones vulnerables (<5 años). Para los antibióticos veterinarios, los resultados apuntan a una relación significativa (p = <0.001) entre la densidad de ganado (bovino) y la prevalencia de múltiples E. coli resistentes a los antibióticos. El agua subterránea sigue siendo un recurso importante en Irlanda, especialmente en las zonas rurales; Por lo tanto, los resultados de este estudio preliminar ofrecen una valiosa visión de la prevalencia de la resistencia a los antibióticos en el entorno hidrogeológico y establece la necesidad de nuevas investigaciones con una mayor diversidad geológica.人们已经认识到(病原的和非病原的)抗菌素耐药性机理和基因成为重要的新兴水生污染物,对人类和生态健康具有潜在的负面影响,因此,需要对此加以监测。本研究第一次调查了爱尔兰地下水(私人井)样品中耐药性的水平;针对一组通常处方的人用和兽用治疗抗生素,对大肠杆菌隔离群进行了检查,随后确定了耐药性的因素。总之,从地下水采集的组群中,获取了42种确认的大肠杆菌隔离群。人用抗生素的耐药性为中等;9种(21.4%)大肠杆菌隔离群显示出对一种或多种人用抗生素有耐药性。与之相反,发现兽用抗生素的耐药性特别高,所有的隔离群对一种或者多种兽用抗生素有耐药性。发现对氨基糖苷类抗生素的耐药性特别高。统计结果表明,人用(多种)抗生素耐药性的出现(p = 0.002–0.011)和化粪池密度及易受攻击的亚种群的出现(<5 years)有重要关联。对于兽用抗生素,结果表明了牲畜(牛)密度和多种抗生素耐药的大肠杆菌流行之间的相互关系。地下水仍然是爱尔兰的一个重要资源,特别是在农村地区;因此,这个初步的研究结果对于水文地质环境中抗生素耐药性的流行提供了有价值的认识,需要在更广的地质多样性方面进行进一步的研究。Os organismos e genes resistentes a antibióticos (patogénicos e não patogénicos) são agora reconhecidos como contaminantes aquáticos emergentes significativos com impactos potencialmente adversos para a saúde humana e ecológica, e portanto requerem monitoramento. Este estudo é o primeiro a investigar os níveis de resistência entre as amostras de águas subterrâneas irlandesas (poços privados); E. coli isoladas foram examinadas em contraste a um painel de antibióticos terapêuticos humanos e veterinários comumente prescritos, seguidos pela determinação dos fatores causais de resistência. No geral, 42 de E. coli isoladas confirmadas foram recuperadas de uma coorte de amostragem de águas subterrâneas. A resistência ao painel humano de antibióticos foi moderada; nove (21.4%) E. coli isoladas demonstraram resistência a um ou mais antibióticos humanos. Por outro lado, foram encontrados níveis extremamente elevados de resistência aos antibióticos veterinários, com todos os isolados resistentes a um ou mais antibióticos veterinários. Particularmente altos níveis de resistência (93%) foram encontrados com relação à classe de antibióticos aminoglicosídeos. Os resultados da análise estatística indicam uma associação significativa entre a presença de resistência aos antibióticos (múltiplos) humanos (p = 0.002–0.011) e tanto a densidade do tanque séptico como a presença de subpopulações vulneráveis (<5 anos). Para os antibióticos veterinários, os resultados apontam para uma relação significativa (p = <0.001) entre a densidade de criação (de gado) e a prevalência de E. coli resistente a antibióticos múltiplos. As águas subterrâneas continuam a ser um recurso importante na Irlanda, especialmente nas zonas rurais; assim, os resultados deste estudo preliminar oferecem uma visão valiosa sobre a prevalência de resistência aos antibióticos no ambiente hidrogeológico e estabelece a necessidade de novas pesquisas com maior diversidade geológica. |
| Starting Page | 939 |
| Ending Page | 951 |
| Page Count | 13 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 14312174 |
| Journal | Hydrogeology Journal |
| Volume Number | 25 |
| Issue Number | 4 |
| e-ISSN | 14350157 |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| Publisher Date | 2017-02-20 |
| Publisher Institution | International Association of Hydrogeologists |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Groundwater monitoring Groundwater quality Antibiotic resistance Health Ireland Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources Geology Water Quality/Water Pollution Geophysics/Geodesy Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology |
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