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| Content Provider | Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) |
|---|---|
| Author | Kwak, Ho-kyung Lee, Heejae Yi, Hae Chang Cho, Hyunnho Jung, Hana Hwang, Keum Taek |
| Copyright Year | 2015 |
| Abstract | Black raspberry (BRB) seeds are a major waste product after fruit processing. The seeds are abundant in ellagitannins (ET), a class of hydrolysable tannins, which are hydrolyzed to ellagic acid (EA) and further metabolized to urolithin A (UA) and urolithin B (UB), known to be bioavailable in the colon and the prostate. In this study, the anti-cancer activities of these compounds were evaluated on HT-29 colon cancer cells. ET, EA, UA and UB inhibited the proliferation of the cancer cells. EA caused a slight, but significant cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, and urolithins caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and upregulated p21 expression. Apoptotic cells were detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI assay when treated with the compounds. Disruption in mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspases 8 and 9 suggest that both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways may be involved. Activation of caspase 3 and cleavage of PARP further confirmed the induction of the apoptosis. ET, EA, UA and UB showed anti-cancer activity by arresting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis on HT-29 human colon cancer cells. This study suggests that the BRB seeds could be a potential source of anti-cancer ET. |
| Starting Page | 1675 |
| Ending Page | 1683 |
| Page Count | 9 |
| File Format | HTM / HTML PDF |
| ISSN | 20426496 |
| Volume Number | 6 |
| Issue Number | 5 |
| Journal | Food & Function |
| DOI | 10.1039/c5fo00274e |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Royal Society of Chemistry |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | UA EA UB Black people The Seeds Acid Urban area Large intestine Cancer Cell cycle G1 phase P21 Membrane potential Caspase Apoptosis |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Medicine Food Science |
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