NDLI: Further exploration of a compact transient server model

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Pardey, Z.M. VanGilder, J.W.
Copyright Year	2014
Description	Author affiliation: Schneider Electr., Andover, MA, USA (Pardey, Z.M.; VanGilder, J.W.)
Abstract	Two, similar compact server models have recently been proposed for the purpose of capturing the effects of server thermal mass in transient data center thermal simulations. Both models predict server exhaust temperature from a known inlet temperature at any time provided the server properties of thermal capacitance (heat capacity) and thermal effectiveness are known. One model also includes a third server property, λ, representing the relative position of the server's idealized heat source to its mass, theoretically necessary when the power or airflow inside the server changes with time. Preliminary published measurements found that λ may be close to zero and therefore negligible for practical scenarios. If λ is truly negligible under practical conditions, the compact model and experimental measurements may be simplified. Based on experimental measurements of three 2U server configurations, it is shown that λ is not required. This paper also discusses a refined experimental procedure and apparatus for measuring server heat capacity and server thermal effectiveness. Server thermal effectiveness is found to be in the range of 0.85-1 with the larger numbers corresponding to more densely-packed (e.g., circuit boards, power supplies, and hard drives installed) server configurations. Additionally, the dependence of server thermal effectiveness on server airflow rate diminishes with increasing server mass density. Finally, an empirical correlation between server mass density and thermal effectiveness is provided which can be used as a first-order estimation in the absence of more detailed server measurements.
Starting Page	1322
Ending Page	1329
File Size	691100
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781479952670
ISSN	10879870
DOI	10.1109/ITHERM.2014.6892433
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2014-05-27
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Servers Heating Temperature measurement Atmospheric modeling Capacitance Mathematical model Transient analysis Data Center Cooling Compact Model Transient CFD Server Thermal Effectiveness Server Mass Density Server Airflow Thermal Mass
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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