NDLI: Analysis of deeply integrated and tightly coupled architectures

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Lashley, M. Bevly, D.M. Hung, J.Y.
Copyright Year	2010
Description	Author affiliation: Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA (Hung, J.Y.) \|\| Mechanical Engineering Department, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA (Bevly, D.M.) \|\| Navigation Technology Associates, Huntsville, Alabama 35802, USA (Lashley, M.)
Abstract	This paper analyzes the impact that architectural features have on the performance of deeply integrated and tightly coupled algorithms. The effects of two specific architectural features are investigated. The first is the design of the Kalman filter used in the algorithms. The performance degradation caused by using a federated filtering architecture instead of a single, centralized filter is analyzed. The second feature is the usage of scalar and vector tracking loops. The advantage offered by vector tracking loops over scalar tracking loops is quantified. The effects of these two architectural features are determined by analyzing the comparative performance of three different algorithms. One algorithm uses a single Kalman filter to process the GPS signals and the inertial sensor data. The other two algorithms use a federated filtering architecture. One federated algorithm uses scalar tracking loops and the other uses vector tracking loops. Comparing the performance of the three algorithms allows the effects of filter design and tracking loop operation to be isolated. Covariance analysis and Monte Carlo simulations are used to study the performance of the algorithms with different inertial sensor grades and satellite constellations. The analysis reveals that the federated algorithm with vector tracking and the centralized filtering algorithm perform virtually identically. The federated algorithm with scalar tracking loops performs poorer. However, the performance of all three algorithms converge as the carrier to noise power density ratio declines. At low signal powers, all three algorithms provide identical performance. The results quantify how the architectural features of coupled systems affect their performance.
Starting Page	382
Ending Page	396
File Size	999867
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424450367
ISSN	21533598
DOI	10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507127
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2010-05-04
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Tracking loops Algorithm design and analysis Performance analysis Filtering algorithms Filters Degradation Global Positioning System Signal processing Satellite constellations Signal to noise ratio vector frequency lock loop GPS deep integration ultra-tight coupling tight coupling vector tracking vector delay lock loop
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in