NDLI: Detecting explosive molecules from nanoliter solution: A new paradigm of SERS sensing on hydrophilic photonic crystal biosilica.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Chong, Xinyuan Le Duff, Paul Ren, Fanghui Kong, Xianming Li, Erwen Rorrer, Gregory L. Wang, Alan X. Xi, Yuting
Description	Author Affiliation: Kong X ( School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331 USA.); Xi Y ( School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331 USA.); Le Duff P ( School of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331 USA.); Chong X ( School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331 USA.); Li E ( School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331 USA.); Ren F ( School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331 USA.); Rorrer GL ( School of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331 USA.); Wang AX ( School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331 USA. Electronic address: wang@eecs.oregonstate.edu.)
Abstract	We demonstrate a photonic crystal biosilica surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate based on a diatom frustule with in-situ synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to detect explosive molecules from nanoliter (nL) solution. By integrating high density Ag NPs inside the nanopores of diatom biosilica, which is not achievable by traditional self-assembly techniques, we obtained ultra-high SERS sensitivity due to dual enhancement mechanisms. First, the hybrid plasmonic-photonic crystal biosilica with three dimensional morphologies was obtained by electroless-deposited Ag seeds at nanometer sized diatom frustule surface, which provides high density hot spots as well as strongly coupled optical resonances with the photonic crystal structure of diatom frustules. Second, we discovered that the evaporation-driven microscopic flow combined with the strong hydrophilic surface of diatom frustules is capable of concentrating the analyte molecules, which offers a simple yet effective mechanism to accelerate the mass transport into the SERS substrate. Using the inkjet printing technology, we are able to deliver multiple 100pico-liter (pL) volume droplets with pinpoint accuracy into a single diatom frustule with dimension around 30µm×7µm×5µm, which allows for label-free detection of explosive molecules such as trinitrotoluene (TNT) down to 10 M in concentration and 2.7×10 g in mass from 120nL solution. Our research illustrates a new paradigm of SERS sensing to detect trace level of chemical compounds from minimum volume of analyte using nature created photonic crystal biosilica materials.
ISSN	09565663
Volume Number	88
e-ISSN	18734235
Journal	Biosensors and Bioelectronics
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2017-02-15
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Diatoms Chemistry Explosive Agents Analysis Nanostructures Silicon Dioxide Silver Spectrum Analysis, Raman Methods Trinitrotoluene Biosensing Techniques Hydrophobic And Hydrophilic Interactions Limit Of Detection Metal Nanoparticles Ultrastructure Nanotechnology Journal Article Discipline Biotechnology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Medicine Biophysics Biomedical Engineering Biotechnology Electrochemistry

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