NDLI: Organization and evolution of the human epidermal keratinocyte transglutaminase I gene.

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Organization and evolution of the human epidermal keratinocyte transglutaminase I gene.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Polakowska, R. R. Falciano, V. Eickbush, T. Goldsmith, L. A. Razvi, F.
Description	Author Affiliation: Polakowska RR ( Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester, NY 14642.);
Abstract	Transglutaminases (TGases; protein-glutamine:amine gamma-glutamyltransferase, EC 2.3.2.13) are calcium-dependent crosslinking enzymes that modify proteins posttranslationally. Several distinct types of TGases have been identified, which appear to be encoded by a family of closely related genes. We isolated the gene encoding human keratinocyte-specific type I TGase (TGase I) and characterized its chromosomal organization. The TGase I gene consists of 15 exons separated by 14 introns and exhibits a restriction fragment length polymorphism. Exons appear to encode functional and/or structural domains: exon I and part of exon XV encode untranslated regions, whereas exons VII and XI contain the active site and a presumptive calcium-binding domain, respectively. Interestingly, exon VI of TGase I contains a consensus Arg-Gly-Asp tripeptide sequence whose presence suggests an intriguing extracellular function for the enzyme. We present a likely phylogenetic tree for seven known members of the TGase family based on amino acid sequence similarity. Arguments presented suggest that the active enzyme evolved first and the structural human erythrocyte membrane protein 4.2 (band 4.2) has undergone a rapid change in amino acid sequence. It follows that band 4.2 evolved from the type II TGases, whereas factor XIII subunit a evolved from the type I group.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	10
Volume Number	89
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	1992-06-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Biological Evolution Isoenzymes Genetics Keratinocytes Enzymology Skin Transglutaminases Amino Acid Sequence Animals Blotting, Southern DNA Isolation & Purification Exons Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Promoter Regions, Genetic RNA Splicing Restriction Mapping Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid TATA Box Comparative Study Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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