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The animal model of human amnesia: long-term memory impaired and short-term memory intact.

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The animal model of human amnesia: long-term memory impaired and short-term memory intact.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Alvarez, P. Squire, L. R. Zola-morgan, S.
Description	Author Affiliation: Alvarez P ( Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093.);
Abstract	Normal monkeys and monkeys with lesions of the hippocampal formation and adjacent cortex (the H+ lesion) were trained on the delayed nonmatching to sample (DNMS) task with a delay of 0.5 s between the sample and the choice. The animals with H+ lesions learned the task normally at this short delay and also exhibited the same pattern of response latencies as normal monkeys. This finding contrasts with previous observations that initial learning of the DNMS task with delays of 8-10 s is impaired after H+ lesions. The absence of an impairment at a delay of 0.5 s indicates that the H+ lesion does not affect short-term memory. In contrast, when monkeys with H+ lesions were tested at longer delays (> 30 s), an impairment was observed. This selective impairment occurred when the delays were presented sequentially (from 0.5 s to 10 min) and also when delays were presented in a mixed order (1 s, 1 min, and 10 min). The data indicate that the H+ lesion produces a selective impairment in long-term memory, in the absence of a detectable deficit in short-term memory or perception. Accordingly, the findings confirm the long-standing idea, based primarily on studies of humans, that short-term memory is independent of medial temporal lobe function. The findings thereby establish an important parallel between memory impairment in monkeys and humans and provide additional support for the validity of the animal model of human amnesia in the monkey.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	12
Volume Number	91
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	1994-07-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Amnesia Physiopathology Hippocampus Physiology Memory, Short-Term Memory Animals Disease Models, Animal Macaca Fascicularis Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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