NDLI: Adherence of human immunodeficiency virus-infected lymphocytes to fetal placental cells: a model of maternal --> fetal transmission.

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Adherence of human immunodeficiency virus-infected lymphocytes to fetal placental cells: a model of maternal --> fetal transmission.

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Adherence of human immunodeficiency virus-infected lymphocytes to fetal placental cells: a model of maternal --> fetal transmission.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Sharma, U. K. Blakemore, K. Schwartz, D. H. Perlman, E. J.
Description	Author Affiliation: Schwartz DH ( Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205.);
Abstract	The precise timing and mechanism of in utero human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are unknown, but transplacental transmission is likely. Term placentas from HIV+ pregnancies contain only rare HIV-infected cells whose origins and phenotypes remain controversial, and no correlation has been found between the presence of HIV in term placentas and transmission to offspring. Reports of trophoblast infectibility have not been reproducible and do not address the question of infection in the placental stroma, the cells in direct contact with fetal circulation. We report that primary cultures of fetal placental chorionic villus stromal cells, while not infectable in vitro, do support lethally irradiated HIV-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in a form that permits rescue of HIV by activated PBMCs weeks later. Infected PBMCs adhere and become intimately associated with placental cells by a mechanism that is LFA-1 and CD4 independent but can be blocked by antibodies or soluble CD4 binding to cell surface-expressed HIV envelope. The ability to sustain infected irradiated cells was not shared by several trophoblast, fibroblast, or epithelial cell lines. This model has several features that are compatible with in utero transmission and allow testing of various agents proposed as interventions to block maternal-->fetal transmission. Placental stromal cells appear to inhibit apoptosis of HIV-infected, irradiated lymphocytes.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	92
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	1995-03-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Cell Adhesion HIV Infections Transmission HIV-1 Isolation & Purification Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical Lymphocytes Cytology Placenta Antibodies, Monoclonal Immunology Pharmacology Antigens, CD3 Antigens, CD4 Cells, Cultured Complement System Proteins HeLa Cells Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 Virology Phenotype Phytohemagglutinins Drug Effects Embryology Proviruses Zidovudine Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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