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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Walsh, S. R. Bidochka, M. J. St Leger, R. J. Ramos, M. E. Roberts, D. W. Silver, J. C. |
| Spatial Coverage | North America |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Bidochka MJ ( Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.); |
| Abstract | In North America there are two generally recognized pathotypes (pathotypes 1 and 2) of the fungus Entomophaga grylli which show host-preferential infection of grasshopper subfamilies. Pathotype 3, discovered in Australia, has a broader grasshopper host range and was considered to be a good biocontrol agent. Between 1989 and 1991 pathotype 3 was introduced at two field sites in North Dakota. Since resting spores are morphologically indistinguishable among pathotypes, we used pathotype-specific DNA probes to confirm pathotype identification in E. grylli-infected grasshoppers collected at the release sites in 1992, 1993, and 1994. In 1992, up to 23% of E. grylli-infected grasshoppers of the subfamilies Melanoplinae, Oedipodinae, and Gomphocerinae were infected by pathotype 3, with no infections > 1 km from the release sites. In 1993, pathotype 3 infections declined to 1.7%. In 1994 grasshopper populations were low and no pathotype 3 infections were found. The frequency of pathotype 3 infection has declined to levels where its long-term survival in North America is questionable. Analyses of biocontrol releases are critical to evaluating the environmental risks associated with these ecological manipulations, and molecular probes are powerful tools for monitoring biocontrol releases. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 2 |
| Volume Number | 93 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 1996-03-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Fungi Classification Grasshoppers Microbiology Insect Control Mycoses Veterinary Pest Control, Biological Animals DNA Probes DNA, Fungal Environmental Monitoring Genetics Pathogenicity Mortality North America Spores, Fungal Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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