NDLI: Mapping leaf surface landscapes.

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Mapping leaf surface landscapes.

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Culture as shared cognitive representations.

Ediacaran biota from Sonora, Mexico.

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Retinitis pigmentosa: unfolding its mystery.

Onconeural antigens and the paraneoplastic neurologic disorders: at the intersection of cancer, immunity, and the brain.

The presence of codon-anticodon pairs in the acceptor stem of tRNAs.

Cells expressing the DG42 gene from early Xenopus embryos synthesize hyaluronan.

Homologs of the Xenopus developmental gene DG42 are present in zebrafish and mouse and are involved in the synthesis of Nod-like chitin oligosaccharides during early embryogenesis.

Structure and function in rhodopsin: correct folding and misfolding in two point mutants in the intradiscal domain of rhodopsin identified in retinitis pigmentosa.

Structure and function in rhodopsin: correct folding and misfolding in point mutants at and in proximity to the site of the retinitis pigmentosa mutation Leu-125-->Arg in the transmembrane helix C.

Role of neuronal nitric oxide in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity.

Functional interaction and colocalization of the herpes simplex virus 1 major regulatory protein ICP4 with EAP, a nucleolar-ribosomal protein.

Single cell Ca2+/cAMP cross-talk monitored by simultaneous Ca2+/cAMP fluorescence ratio imaging.

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Trafficking of Plasmodium chabaudi adami-infected erythrocytes within the mouse spleen.

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The hard-soft acid-base principle in enzymatic catalysis: dual reactivity of phosphoenolpyruvate.

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Genomic structure of the human retinoblastoma-related Rb2/p130 gene.

Regulation of the retinoblastoma protein-related protein p107 by G1 cyclin-associated kinases.

Expression cloning of a cDNA for human ceramide glucosyltransferase that catalyzes the first glycosylation step of glycosphingolipid synthesis. (Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Volume: 93 Issue: 10)

Peroxo-iron and oxenoid-iron species as alternative oxygenating agents in cytochrome P450-catalyzed reactions: switching by threonine-302 to alanine mutagenesis of cytochrome P450 2B4.

Signal transduction in the archaeon Halobacterium salinarium is processed through three subfamilies of 13 soluble and membrane-bound transducer proteins.

A circadian clock regulates rod and cone input to fish retinal cone horizontal cells.

Cloning and functional expression of cDNAs encoding human and rat pancreatic polypeptide receptors.

Dexamethasone responsiveness of a major glucocorticoid-inducible CYP3A gene is mediated by elements unrelated to a glucocorticoid receptor binding motif.

A general additive distance with time-reversibility and rate variation among nucleotide sites.

Responses of the phototransduction cascade to dim light.

Activated Ras signals differentiation and expansion of CD4+8+ thymocytes.

Excitotoxicity in the lung: N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced, nitric oxide-dependent, pulmonary edema is attenuated by vasoactive intestinal peptide and by inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase.

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Crystal structure of a human TATA box-binding protein/TATA element complex.

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Mapping leaf surface landscapes.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Mechaber, W. L. Marshall, D. B. Jobe, R. T. Chew, F. S. Mechaber, R. A.
Description	Author Affiliation: Mechaber WL ( Department of Biology, School of Nutrition, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.);
Abstract	Leaf surfaces provide the ecologically relevant landscapes to those organisms that encounter or colonize the leaf surface. Leaf surface topography directly affects microhabitat availability for colonizing microbes, microhabitat quality and acceptability for insects, and the efficacy of agricultural spray applications. Prior detailed mechanistic studies that examined particular fungi-plant and pollinator-plant interactions have demonstrated the importance of plant surface topography or roughness in determining the outcome of the interactions. Until now, however, it has not been possible to measure accurately the topography--i.e., the three-dimensional structure--of such leaf surfaces or to record precise changes in patterns of leaf surface elevation over time. Using contact mode atomic force microscopy, we measured three-dimensional coordinates of upper leaf surfaces of Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry), a perennial plant, on leaves of two age classes. We then produced topographic maps of these leaf surfaces, which revealed striking differences between age classes of leaves: old leaves have much rougher surfaces than those of young leaves. Atomic force microscope measurements were analyzed by lag (1) autocorrelation estimates of leaf surfaces by age class. We suggest that the changes in topography result from removal of epicuticular lipids and that the changes in leaf surface topography influence phylloplane ecology. Visualizing and mapping leaf surfaces permit detailed investigations into leaf surface-mediated phenomena, improving our understanding of phylloplane interactions.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	10
Volume Number	93
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	1996-01-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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