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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Beeman, Richard W. Kanost, Michael R. Kramer, Karl J. Arakane, Yasuyuki Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Arakane Y ( Grain Marketing and Production Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA. arakane@gmprc.ksu.edu); |
| Abstract | Cuticle tanning (or sclerotization and pigmentation) in invertebrates involves the oxidative conjugation of proteins, which renders them insoluble and hardens and darkens the color of the exoskeleton. Two kinds of phenoloxidases, laccase and tyrosinase, have been proposed to participate in tanning, but proof of the true identity of the enzyme(s) responsible for this process has been elusive. We report the cloning of cDNAs for laccases and tyrosinases from the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, as well as their developmental patterns of expression. To test for the involvement of these types of enzymes in cuticle tanning, we performed RNA interference experiments to decrease the levels of individual phenoloxidases. Normal phenotypes were obtained after dsRNA-mediated transcript depletion for all phenoloxidases tested, with the exception of laccase 2. Insects injected with dsRNA for the laccase 2 gene failed to tan, were soft-bodied and deformed, and subsequently died in a dsRNA dose-dependent fashion. The results presented here support the hypothesis that two isoforms of laccase 2 generated by alternative splicing catalyze larval, pupal, and adult cuticle tanning in Tribolium. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 32 |
| Volume Number | 102 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2005-08-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Epidermis Metabolism Insect Proteins Laccase Genetics Phenotype RNA, Double-Stranded Tribolium Enzymology Physiology Alternative Splicing Animals Cloning, Molecular DNA Primers DNA, Complementary Gene Expression Isoenzymes Molecular Sequence Data Monophenol Monooxygenase RNA Interference Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Analysis, Protein Comparative Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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