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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Lee, Jae-yun Hannestad, Jonas Nabulsi, Nabeel Gallezot, Jean-dominique Carson, Richard E. Matuskey, David Pittman, Brian Huang, Yiyun Lim, Keunpoong Sandiego, Christine M. Cosgrove, Kelly P. Lin, Shu-fei O'connor, Kevin C. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Sandiego CM ( Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511); Gallezot JD ( PET Center, Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520); Pittman B ( Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511); Nabulsi N ( PET Center, Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520); Lim K ( PET Center, Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520); Lin SF ( PET Center, Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520); Matuskey D ( Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511); Lee JY ( Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511); O'Connor KC ( Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511); Huang Y ( PET Center, Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520); Carson RE ( PET Center, Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520); Hannestad J ( UCB Pharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium.); Cosgrove KP ( Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511); |
| Abstract | Neuroinflammation is associated with a broad spectrum of neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. The core process in neuroinflammation is activation of microglia, the innate immune cells of the brain. We measured the neuroinflammatory response produced by a systemic administration of the Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS; also called endotoxin) in humans with the positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer [11C]PBR28, which binds to translocator protein, a molecular marker that is up-regulated by microglial activation. In addition, inflammatory cytokines in serum and sickness behavior profiles were measured before and after LPS administration to relate brain microglial activation with systemic inflammation and behavior. Eight healthy male subjects each had two 120-min [11C]PBR28 PET scans in 1 d, before and after an LPS challenge. LPS (1.0 ng/kg, i.v.) was administered 180 min before the second [11C]PBR28 scan. LPS administration significantly increased [11C]PBR28 binding 30-60%, demonstrating microglial activation throughout the brain. This increase was accompanied by an increase in blood levels of inflammatory cytokines, vital sign changes, and sickness symptoms, well-established consequences of LPS administration. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration in humans that a systemic LPS challenge induces robust increases in microglial activation in the brain. This imaging paradigm to measure brain microglial activation with [11C]PBR28 PET provides an approach to test new medications in humans for their putative antiinflammatory effects. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 40 |
| Volume Number | 112 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2015-10-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Brain Immunology Lipopolysaccharides Microglia Positron-Emission Tomography Acetamides Metabolism Pharmacokinetics Biological Markers Carbon Radioisotopes Cytokines Blood Inflammation Mediators Administration & Dosage Protein Binding Pyridines Radiopharmaceuticals Receptors, GABA Reproducibility Of Results Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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