NDLI: Reward prospect rapidly speeds up response inhibition via reactive control.

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Reward prospect rapidly speeds up response inhibition via reactive control.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Boehler, Carsten N. Schevernels, Hanne Hopf, Jens-Max Stoppel, Christian M. Krebs, Ruth M.
Description	Author Affiliation: Boehler CN ( Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium, c.n.boehler@gmail.com.)
Abstract	Response inhibition is an important cognitive-control function that allows for already-initiated or habitual behavioral responses to be promptly withheld when needed. A typical paradigm to study this function is the stop-signal task. From this task, the stop-signal response time (SSRT) can be derived, which indexes how rapidly an already-initiated response can be canceled. Typically, SSRTs range around 200 ms, identifying response inhibition as a particularly rapid cognitive-control process. Even so, it has recently been shown that SSRTs can be further accelerated if successful response inhibition is rewarded. Since this earlier study effectively ruled out differential preparatory (proactive) control adjustments, the reward benefits likely relied on boosted reactive control. Yet, given how rapidly such control processes would need to be enhanced, alternative explanations circumventing reactive control are important to consider. We addressed this question with an fMRI study by gauging the overlap of the brain networks associated with reward-related and response-inhibition-related processes in a reward-modulated stop-signal task. In line with the view that reactive control can indeed be boosted swiftly by reward availability, we found that the activity in key brain areas related to response inhibition was enhanced for reward-related stop trials. Furthermore, we observed that this beneficial reward effect was triggered by enhanced connectivity between task-unspecific (reward-related) and task-specific (inhibition-related) areas in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). The present data hence suggest that reward information can be translated very rapidly into behavioral benefits (here, within ~200 ms) through enhanced reactive control, underscoring the immediate responsiveness of such control processes to reward availability in general.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	15307026
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	14
e-ISSN	1531135X
Journal	Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience
Language	English
Publisher	Springer
Publisher Date	2014-06-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Behavioral Sciences Discipline Neurology Brain Physiology Discrimination (psychology) Inhibition (psychology) Reaction Time Reward Blood Supply Brain Mapping Female Functional Laterality Humans Image Processing, Computer-assisted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Oxygen Blood Young Adult Journal Article Randomized Controlled Trial Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cognitive Neuroscience Behavioral Neuroscience

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