NDLI: Comparative genomics analysis of five families of antimicrobial peptide-like genes in seven ant species.

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Comparative genomics analysis of five families of antimicrobial peptide-like genes in seven ant species.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Zhang, Zhenting Zhu, Shunyi
Description	Author Affiliation: Zhang Z ( Group of Animal Innate Immunity, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects & Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, PR China.)
Abstract	Ants, as eusocial insects, live in dense groups with high connectivity, increasing the risk of pathogen spread and possibly driving the evolution of their antimicrobial immune system. Draft genomes of seven ant species provide a new source to undertake comparative study of their antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), key components of insect innate immunity. By using computational approaches, we analyzed five AMP families that include abaecins, hymenoptaecins, insect defensins, tachystatins, and crustins in ants, which comprise 69 new members. Among them, a new type of proline-rich abaecins was recognized and they are exclusively present in ants. Hymenoptaecins, a family of glycine-rich AMPs from Hymenoptera and Diptera, exhibit variable numbers of intragenic tandem repeats in a lineage-specific manner and all hymenoptaecins in ants have evolved an acidic C-terminal propeptide. In some ant species, insect defensins with the cysteine-stabilized -helical and ß-sheet (CS ß) fold and tachystatin-like AMPs with the inhibitor cysteine knot (ICK) fold have undergone gene expansion and differential gene loss. Moreover, extensive sequence diversity exists in the C-termini of the defensins and the ICK-type peptides and the n-loop of the defensins. Also, we identified for the first time a crustin-type AMP in ants, which are only known in crustaceans previously. These ant crustins evolutionarily gain an aromatic amino acid-rich insertion when compared with those of crustaceans. Our work not only enlarges the insect AMP resource, but also sheds light on the complexity and dynamic evolution of AMPs in ants.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	0145305X
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	38
e-ISSN	18790089
Journal	Developmental & Comparative Immunology
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2012-10-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Immunology Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides Immunology Ants Genetics Amino Acid Sequence Animals Chemistry Classification Defensins Evolution, Molecular Gene Duplication Insect Proteins Models, Molecular Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Sequence Alignment Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Developmental Biology Immunology

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