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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Oguz, Merve Mihçiokur, Hamdi |
| Spatial Coverage | Turkey |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Oguz M ( Erciyes University Engineering Faculty Environmental Engineering Department, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey. Electronic address: merveoguz@erciyes.edu.tr.); Mihçiokur H ( Erciyes University Engineering Faculty Environmental Engineering Department, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey.) |
| Abstract | In this study, environmental risks of selected pharmaceuticals were investigated to assess potential hazards. Ciprofloxacin, Clarithromycin, Cefuroxime axetil, antibiotics, Benzalkoniuman antiseptic, Paracetamol, an analgesic, and Naproxen, an anti-inflammatory, were selected due to their high rate of usage in Turkey. Ciprofloxacin was found to have the highest risk due to its high PEC/PNEC ratio (28.636). Benzalkonium, Paracetamol and Clarithromycin have a potential to cause environmental hazards. The biodegradation and biological concentration factors (BCF) of the drugs were also determined using EPA/STWIN and EPA/BCFWIN programs. The results illustrated that these pharmaceuticals are nonbiodegradable in wastewater treatment plants. The BCFs of Benzalkonium and Clarithromycin were found to be very high, 70.790 L/kg and 56.490 L/kg, respectively. It was suggested that alternative treatment methods other than biological ones should be investigated for these pharmaceuticals because of their low biodegradability. Also, unnecessary use of antibiotics is supposed to be discouraged to reduce environmental hazards. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 13826689 |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| Volume Number | 38 |
| e-ISSN | 18727077 |
| Journal | Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2014-07-01 |
| Publisher Place | Netherlands |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Environmental Health Discipline Pharmacology Pharmaceutical Preparations Analysis Sewage Water Pollutants, Chemical 1-octanol Chemistry Acetaminophen Adsorption Anti-bacterial Agents Anti-infective Agents, Local Anti-inflammatory Agents, Non-steroidal Benzalkonium Compounds Cefuroxime Analogs & Derivatives Ciprofloxacin Clarithromycin Environmental Monitoring Naproxen Risk Assessment Turkey Water Journal Article |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Medicine Toxicology Pharmacology |
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