| Content Provider |
World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
| Author |
Diez-Ortiz, Maria Lahive, Elma Kille, Peter Powell, Kate Morgan, A. John Jurkschat, Kerstin Van Gestel, Cornelis A. M. Mosselmans, J. Fred W. Svendsen, Claus Spurgeon, David J. |
| Description |
Country affiliation: United kingdom Author Affiliation: Diez-Ortiz M ( Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.); Lahive E ( Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.); Kille P ( Cardiff School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom.); Powell K ( Cardiff School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom.); Morgan AJ ( Cardiff School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom.); Jurkschat K ( Department of Materials, Oxford University, Yarnton, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.); Van Gestel CA ( Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.); Mosselmans JF ( Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.); Svendsen C ( Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.); Spurgeon DJ ( Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.) |
| Abstract |
Current bioavailability models, such as the free ion activity model and biotic ligand model, explicitly consider that metal exposure will be mainly to the dissolved metal in ionic form. With the rise of nanotechnology products and the increasing release of metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) to the environment, such models may increasingly be applied to support risk assessment. It is not immediately clear, however, whether the assumption of metal ion exposure will be relevant for NPs. Using an established approach of oral gluing, a toxicokinetics study was conducted to investigate the routes of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and $Ag^{+}$ ion uptake in the soil-dwelling earthworm Lumbricus rubellus. The results indicated that a significant part of the Ag uptake in the earthworms is through oral/gut uptake for both $Ag^{+}$ ions and NPs. Thus, sealing the mouth reduced Ag uptake by between 40% and 75%. An X-ray analysis of the internal distribution of Ag in transverse sections confirmed the presence of increased Ag concentrations in exposed earthworm tissues. For the AgNPs but not the $Ag^{+}$ ions, high concentrations were associated with the gut wall, liver-like chloragogenous tissue, and nephridia, which suggest a pathway for AgNP uptake, detoxification, and excretion via these organs. Overall, the results indicate that Ag in the ionic and NP forms is assimilated and internally distributed in earthworms and that this uptake occurs predominantly via the gut epithelium and less so via the body wall. The importance of oral exposure questions the application of current metal bioavailability models, which implicitly consider that the dominant route of exposure is via the soil solution, for bioavailability assessment and modeling of metal-based NPs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:2263–2270. © 2015 SETAC |
| File Format |
HTM / HTML |
| ISSN |
07307268 |
| Issue Number |
10 |
| Volume Number |
34 |
| e-ISSN |
15528618 |
| Journal |
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry |
| Language |
English |
| Publisher |
Wiley |
| Publisher Date |
2015-10-01 |
| Publisher Place |
United States |
| Access Restriction |
One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword |
Soil Pollutants Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Risk Assessment Toxicity Discipline Environmental Health Discipline Toxicology Biological Availability Ions Metabolism Drug Effects Oligochaeta Journal Article Tissue Distribution Silver Chemistry Animals Analysis Discipline Chemistry Pharmacokinetics Metal Nanoparticles |
| Content Type |
Text |
| Resource Type |
Article |
| Subject |
Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis |
